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An introduction to a collection of French texts tries to identify what is common in different approaches to geopolitics. The first point consists of defining "French thought," profoundly marked by the power of the state in that country. The taboo of the state has been broken thanks to May 1968, the theoretical revolution in geography, & a renewed interest toward the global scale. As a result, French geographers & other social scientists are better equipped for the deconstruction & reconstruction of intellectual genealogies & able to go back to empirical fields. The world is becoming thinkable, the existing states making up one particular "layer" in an emerging global societal space. 15 References. Adapted from the source document.

What can be the goal for a state that is no more an empire in an environment where empire cannot be a goal anymore? In this paper, it is argued that there is a classic French geopolitical stance that has conserved a large part of its characteristics over centuries & can be compared to the attitudes of other European states. It is precisely because this long-lasting, consistent set of ideas & behaviors is coming apart that it is urgent to put it in the perspective of its own historical development. After some general remarks on the particular part played by France on the European geopolitical checkerboard, the fate of the "special relationship" between France & Africa, as a dramatic case study of the widening gap between the traditional imperial stance & newly emerging realities, is considered. The third aspect of this reflection is an analysis of the original characteristics of the European Union in terms of international relations & the impact of this new context on the evolution of the French state. 1 Figure. Adapted from the source document.

(First published in French with Marie-Francoise Durand & Denis Retaille in Le Monde: espaces et systemes, 1992, pp19-41.) Cultural distance, geopolitical domination, the world-economy, & elements of a world-scale society are the factual bases of four proposed models: the world as a set of worlds, the world as a field of forces, the world as a hierarchical network, the world as a society. Each of those models has a particular geographical style. The relation between models is partly diachronic but also synchronic, with, in each place of the world, complex simultaneous interactions between different rationales. Beyond ephemeral fashions the difficulty in foreseeing the future, even the near future, of such a complex whole, calls for prudence but also imagination. Complexity, forecasting, & taking account of the ethical dimension prevail, not because they proceed from sympathetic intentions but because in the final analysis they are in a better position to give an account of the world as it is. In this sense, if "idealists" are to be listened to, it is only because they are in fact more realist than the "realists.". 5 Figures. Adapted from the source document.

L'ouvrage Théorie de la justice spatiale (2018) est paru peu avant le déclenchement du mouvement des Gilets jaunes. L'importance des liens entre espace et justice présents dans le débat public qui s'est en suivi prouve que la dimension spatiale de la vie sociale est désormais perçue en France comme une composante non réductible aux autres, plus classiques, comme l'économique et la politique. Les concepts utiles pour penser cette dimension, proposés par le livre, répondent à une demande qui n'est plus restreinte au monde universitaire mais qui s'active dès qu'un événement peut être rattaché à cette thématique. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Cesar Chavez (1927-1993) comes to life in this vivid portrait of the charismatic fighter who boycotted supermarkets and took on corporations, the government, and the powerful Teamsters Union. Jacques E. Levy gained unprecedented access to Chavez and the United Farm Workers in writing this account of one of the most successful labor movements in history, which also serves as a guidebook for social and political change.