L'humanité écorchée: humanité et infrahumanisation
In: Pensée et perspectives en psychologie
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In: Pensée et perspectives en psychologie
In: European psychologist, Band 2, Heft 2, S. 175-177
ISSN: 1878-531X
In: Sociétales
In: Regards psychosociaux
In: Psychologie et sciences humaines 204
In: The Journal of social psychology, Band 145, Heft 2, S. 117-126
ISSN: 1940-1183
What does it mean to be human? Why do people dehumanize others (and sometimes themselves)? These questions have only recently begun to be investigated in earnest within psychology. This volume presents the latest thinking about these and related questions from research leaders in the field of humanness and dehumanization in social psychology and related disciplines. Contributions provide new insights into the history of dehumanization, its different types, and new theories are proposed for when and why dehumanization occurs. While people's views about what humanness is, and who has it, have lo
This book examines how misunderstandings occur in intergroup interactions as a consequence of the divergences between interactants' subjective realities (i.e., interpretations), goals, and strategies and beyond their positive or negative intentions.
In: The Journal of social psychology, Band 149, Heft 6, S. 709-730
ISSN: 1940-1183
In: Social issues and policy review: SIPR, Band 1, Heft 1, S. 139-172
ISSN: 1751-2409
Infra‐humanizing outgroups involves considering outgroups less human and more animal‐like than the ingroup, which is perceived, in essence, as fully human. In this article, the first section presents the theoretical background of infra‐humanization and distinguishes it from related concepts, such as dehumanization. The three basic hypotheses of the theory are then presented with a summary of empirical evidence. Social implications follow. Reasons for the pervasiveness of the phenomenon are examined as well as conditions that lead a specific outgroup to be infra‐humanized. We also explore the consequences of infra‐humanization, such as a lack of forgiveness for the outgroup and the ingroup's justification for past misdeeds against the outgroup, rather than guilt. Policy issues center on ways to combat essentialism, walls of difference between groups, and irrational symbols of superiority. The roles of egalitarian values and of deprovincialized intergroup contact are emphasized.