Suchergebnisse

Similar to some other countries in East Asia, Taiwan has been experiencing a dramatic increase in children born to cross-border mothers. This phenomenon has drawn national attention to the school performance gap between children of Taiwanese and immigrant mothers. The present study focuses on the factors associated with these academic performance differences, in particular differential access to social capital or resources, and the community context. Drawing on data from a stratified sample of 940 elementary students in a county in central Taiwan, the researcher first illustrates the educational disadvantage of children born to Southeast Asian mothers. Second, the shortage of within-family social capital is shown to contribute to the performance gap between schoolchildren within different maternal ethnic backgrounds. Third, students' preschool experience, educational attitudes, and behaviors all have positive association with their academic performance. In addition, the effects of within-family social capital and of maternal ethnic background can be moderated by community characteristics that show a broad picture of human capital, and socioeconomic status and heterogeneity of residents within school districts.

In this paper we examine internal migration in Taiwan in the 1960s when rural economic conditions were volatile, the shift from agriculture to non-farm employment was gaining momentum, and the government's policy of industrialization through export was adopted. Migration is seen as one component of households' survival/adaptation strategy and accessibility to land, participation in local wage labor markets, and access to migrants' social networks are the mechanisms through which households determine and deploy their migration strategies. Our empirical analyzes are consistent with our a priori theoretical expectations that household access to land, participation in the local wage labor force, and access to migrants' social networks directly influenced how families in Taiwan deployed migration as a household survival strategy.