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The carbon emissions from coal-fired power have become an increasing concern to governments around the world. In this paper, a carbon emissions allowances allocation based on the equilibrium strategy is proposed to mitigate coal-fired power generation carbon emissions, in which the authority is the lead decision maker and the coal-fired power plants are the follower decision makers, and an interactive solution approach is designed to achieve equilibrium. A real-world case study is then given to demonstrate the practicality and efficiency of this methodology. Sensitivity analyses under different constraint violation risk levels are also conducted to give authorities some insights into equilibrium strategies for different stakeholders and to identify the necessary tradeoffs between economic development and carbon emissions mitigation. It was found that the proposed method was able to mitigate coal-fired power generation carbon emissions significantly and encourage coal-fired power plants to improve their emissions performance.

Intellectual property rights (IPRs) always drive invention and creativeness. It also creates new employment and makes you more competitive. Intellectual property rights protect and benefit the work of writers, artists, designers, discoverers, and other IPR users while they are being used by others. Intellectual property rights (IPRs) help protect ideas and creative works developed by inventors, designers, developers, and writers. After all, protecting intellectual property is one of the major challenges for both developed and developing nations. There are numerous international laws that protect intellectual property. International law employs several guidelines and recommendations to confirm the protection of intellectual property. In addition, most countries have intellectual property laws. Maximum countries have their own legislative powers to protect their intellectual property rights. But if not done properly, all these international and domestic intellectual property laws will be valueless. The legal system that China and Pakistan follow to protect their intellectual property is very similar to the legal system of developed countries but also has some main variances. This research paper attempts to examine the assessment of IPR protection in China and Pakistan. This research paper also describes IPR protection procedures in China and Pakistan. In addition, this article initiates a comparison of international IPR indexes to demonstrate and describe the variances in IPR protection assessments. This article also lists and describes the various factors that influence the lack of proper protection of property and intellectual property rights in both countries.

A collaborative project between an academic healthcare faculty and a professional development director resulted in the design, delivery and evaluation of an inter-professional collaborative leadership workshop with ongoing leadership development activities. The workshop attendees were five inter-professional teams from one large, urban cancer care center in Taipei, Taiwan. The workshop included didactic instruction complemented with team discussions and interactive exercises. Continued practice was encouraged, such as appreciative inquiry exercises and rotated team leadership. Evaluation involved the use of a cross-culturally validated collaborative practice tool and follow-up interviews and focus groups. Although the formal workshop was a 1-day session, continued organizational support and systematic approaches to collaborative leadership practice in clinical settings were necessary components for transfer of learning from the workshop to real life. This paper will include an overview of the foundational leadership concepts covered in the workshop. The instructional strategies, evaluation methods and outcomes will be discussed. The limitations and strengths of this collaborative leadership project will be provided, as well as future plans for a collaborative leadership development program.

Master's thesis in Economics ; To comply with increasingly strict government environmental regulations, companies have to identify new and innovative solutions to make their products and processes greener, without compromising their financial objectives. This paper investigates the effect of green innovation on financial performance in the US and the European oil and gas industry using longitudinal data from 2010 to 2018. The analysis finds a diminishing positive effect on the financial performance for US companies, where the effect is positive at low levels of green innovation and turns negative at higher levels. For European companies, we find an increasing negative effect, where the effect is negative at low levels of green innovation and turns positive at higher levels. Moreover, we find that for European companies there is evidence that higher oil prices negatively moderate the relationship between disruptive green innovation and financial performance. This suggests that the opportunity cost of disruptive green innovation is high when the oil price is high and that companies are more willing to implement green innovation when the oil price is low. However, this moderating effect is not found for US companies. Based on these findings, as the effect of green innovation on the financial performance of European oil and gas companies depends on the level of companies innovation as well as oil prices, we suggest that in order to encourage oil and gas companies to invest more in green innovation, the public policy makers should have less strict environmental regulations and provide more policy support when the oil price is high. We also suggest that for the European oil and gas companies operating under very strict regulations, it is better to exert full effort in green innovation to gain financial profits. However, for the US companies operating under less strict environmental regulations, low to medium levels of green innovation practices would be more profitable.

AbstractUtilizing the longitudinal SOEP data representative of the German population, we find that mental health shocks significantly decrease the willingness to take risks. We also find that mental health improvements increase the willingness to take risks significantly. Our findings are relevant for better understanding the economic decision making of the large number of individuals with mental health issues.