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Immigrants from China to Canada: Issues of Supply and Demand of Human Capital
In: Migration, Indigenization and Interaction, S. 73-95
Chinese entrepreneurship in Canada
In: Open for Business, S. 199-211
Immigration from China to Canada in the Age of Globalization: Issues of Brain Gain and Brain Loss
In: Pacific affairs: an international review of Asia and the Pacific, Band 81, Heft 2, S. 217-239
ISSN: 1715-3379
The Role of Foreign Credentials and Ethnic Ties in Immigrants' Economic Performance
In: Canadian journal of sociology: CJS = Cahiers canadiens de sociologie, Band 33, Heft 2
ISSN: 1710-1123
The literature has identified foreign credential devaluations and the shifting origins of immigrants to non-European sources as two factors that explain why some immigrants earn more than others. This study uses data from the Ethnic Diversity Survey to see how foreign credentials affect immigrants' earnings, and whether immigrants with disadvantaged foreign credentials may be able to use ethnic social capital to mitigate the negative effect. Substantial gross earnings disparities exist among immigrant men and women of different origins, but much difference is due to human capital variations and duration of work. The study produces three major findings. First, foreign credentials benefit majority member immigrants but penalize visible minority immigrants. Second, immigrant men and women who maintain weak ethnic ties earn more than their counterparts with strong ties, suggesting that the enabling capacity of social capital for immigrants has been overstated. Third, there is no evidence of ethnic social capital being able to mitigate the negative effect of a credential deficit.
Immigration from China to Canada in the age of globalization: issues of brain gain and brain loss
In: Pacific affairs, Band 81, Heft 2, S. Special issue: migration and mobility, S. 217-240
ISSN: 0030-851X
World Affairs Online
The Rise and Fall of Chinese Immigration to Canada: Newcomers from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China1 and Mainland China, 1980–20002
In: International migration: quarterly review, Band 43, Heft 3, S. 9-34
ISSN: 1468-2435
ABSTRACTAn emerging perspective in the study of global diasporas stresses the effect of economic globalization and migration shifts in reshaping the population and identifying the formation of diaspora communities. This paper analyses the immigration patterns from Hong Kong and mainland China to Canada between the 1980s and 1990s, and shows that the migration shifts have been influenced by political and economic forces in Hong Kong and China, as well as changes in Canada's immigration policy. The imminent return of Hong Kong to China in 1997 and its uncertain political future in the 1990s were often cited as the main reasons for Hong Kong's large emigration in the late 1980s and early 1990s. In reality, the rising volume of Hong Kong emigration was prompted by the 1989 Tiananmen Square incident in China and its aftermath, and by the booming economy of Hong Kong in the early 1990s that created the means for many middle‐class Chinese to emigrate. At the same time, Canada's expansion of the Business Immigration Program in the mid‐1980s also benefited immigrant entrepreneurs from Hong Kong. In contrast, the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997 did not deter the economic growth of China. Immigration from China rose after 1989 when Canada allowed Chinese students studying in Canada to immigrate, but it was after the mid‐1990s that immigration from China expanded due to Canada's greater emphasis on admitting economic immigrants and to China's growing middle class. The continuous arrival of well‐educated and urban‐based immigrants from China is likely to change the population composition and identity complexity of the Chinese community in Canada.
The Rise and Fall of Chinese Immigration to Canada: Newcomers from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China and Mainland China, 1980-2000
In: International migration, Band 43, Heft 3, S. 9-34
ISSN: 0020-7985
Initial Earnings and Catch-up Capacity of Immigrants
In: Canadian public policy: Analyse de politiques, Band 29, Heft 3, S. 319
ISSN: 1911-9917
Initial Earnings and Catch-Up Capacity of Immigrants
In: Canadian public policy: a journal for the discussion of social and economic policy in Canada = Analyse de politiques, Band 29, Heft 3, S. 319-338
ISSN: 0317-0861