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This paper explores the concept of care as a socialisation goal for school-age children among contemporary Chinese parents. Data was generated from interviews with parents from rural and urban families in Nanjing, China in 2011– 2012. Parents' spontaneous remarks on care revealed how today's Chinese parents highlighted childcare as parental responsibilities, cultivated children's self-care skills, and promoted children's other-caring qualities. In so doing, parents attempted to motivate concurrent and future elder care, improve children's social competence, and inspire altruistic other-care in their children. Although Chinese parents' imagination of care is largely centralised within the family due to sociocultural contexts such as the culture of intensive parenthood, China's care deficiency in a neoliberal economy, and the One-Child Policy, Chinese parents also aspired instilling other-caring qualities in their children.

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out that education, science and technology, and talent are the basic and strategic support for the construction of a modern socialist country in all respects. It has pointed out the direction and development path for the development of universities as well as university foundations. Starting from the history, current situation and future development of university foundations, this paper proposes to fully understand the great significance of the new era and enhance the sense of mission in the work of university foundations; to deeply understand the connotation of the work and continuously deepen the understanding of the regularity of university foundations; to accurately grasp the development trend of the industry and continuously create a new situation for the development of university foundations. The industry-based university foundations should take the spirit of the 20th National Congress as the guide, combine the characteristics and discipline advantages of the university, focus on improving the quality of talent cultivation, scientific research and innovation level, and social service capacity, take multiple measures to comprehensively improve the governance capacity and contribute to the construction of a leading education country.

A comparative study is undertaken that explores Chinese and Indian pharmaceutical industries under different patent regimes. It is found that relative to India, which had implemented process patent until 2005, China with a product patent regime since 1993 suffers from both lower drug accessibility and availability (the latter is a missing parameter in the literature). Also, China lags behind in both lower R&D investment and patents filed by Chinese nationals. Based on these findings and associated legal interpretation, we conclude that higher patent protection in China generates negative impacts on the pharmaceutical industries. Thus, governments should utilize TRIPS flexibilities and other regimes like price control to offset the anticompetitive effect in designing patent policies.

During the 17-year period of the New China existence, propaganda posters were relied upon by the authorities and had a broad social influence on social media. During this period, a large number of female images was in propaganda posters. The purpose of this article is to combine research methods of social history and image analysis to classify female images in propaganda posters in the New China, and to analyze their visual language, information load, and social functions.

AbstractParental emotion socialization is a dynamic process encompassing moment‐to‐moment fluctuations in parents' emotional displays and responsiveness. This study attempted to examine the within‐ and between‐individual variation in fathers' emotional expressivity during a real‐time father–child interaction in Chinese families. Eighty‐five children (Mage = 7.58 years, SD = 0.50 years, 47.1% boys) from east China and their biological fathers participated in the study. Fathers' and children's emotional expressivity were observed during a problem‐solving interaction task. Fathers' beliefs about children's negative emotions and fathers' perceptions of their children's emotion regulation ability were assessed via self‐report questionnaires. Results showed that (1) At the within‐individual level, fathers' and children's emotional expressivity covariated with each other in concurrent intervals when controlling for their emotional expressivity in previous intervals; fathers' emotional expressivity gradually became less positive over time whereas children's emotional expressivity did not change significantly over time; (2) At the between‐individual level, fathers' perceptions of children's emotion regulation accounted for the between‐individual variance in the dynamics of fathers' emotional expressivity. These findings chart the dynamics of paternal emotion expressivity during father–child interactions and shed light on the relevant roles of children's emotional expressivity and fathers' emotion‐related beliefs and perceptions.

Research on child development increasingly includes data on both parents and from different cultures. However, the relative importance of fathers versus mothers for child adjustment is still under debate. The present review compares the contributions of perceived paternal and maternal acceptance to various child adjustment indicators among samples of families around the world. We reviewed 127 published studies that included child‐reported paternal and maternal acceptance and developmental outcomes. Regardless of the sex of parent, children benefited from perceived parental acceptance. Fathers and mothers were often found to both predict adjustment significantly to varying degrees. Paternal acceptance tended to be related to children's problem behavior and psychopathology, whereas maternal acceptance was more likely to contribute to socioemotional development. Paternal and maternal acceptance also often jointly contributed to child adjustment through their interaction with each other and with other predictors. Moreover, the link between parental acceptance and adjustment was often moderated by child gender and cultural context.