Suchergebnisse

"Katharine Coman's "Some Unsettled Problems of Irrigation," published in March 1911 in the first issue of the American Economic Review addressed issues of water supply, rights, and organization. These same issues have relevance today 100 years later in face of growing concern about the availability of fresh water worldwide as demand grows and as supplies become more uncertain due to the potential effects of climate change. The central point of this article is that appropriative water rights and irrigation districts that emerged in the American West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in response to aridity to facilitate agricultural water delivery, use, and trade raise the transaction costs today of water markets. These markets are vital for smooth re-allocation of water to higher-valued uses elsewhere in the economy and for flexible response to greater hydrological uncertainty. This institutional path dependence illustrates how past arrangements to meet conditions of the time constrain contemporary economic opportunities. They cannot be easily significantly modified or replaced ex post"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

Contains some of the research on university-based technology transfer, intellectual property issues, and the entrepreneurship program/technology transfer interface. Eleven of the papers are from the Colloquium on Entrepreneurship Education and Technology Transfer held at the White Stallion Ranch, Tucson, Arizona, January 21-23, 2005

The papers in this volume represent some of the leading work on intellectual property. They address the question of how to create incentives to develop new technologies and how to protect those technologies once developed from theft. They also ask when valuable property might be developed even under weak ownership conditions. Other papers address how firms balance the trade offs in considering costly patent litigation and they examine the antitrust implications. Although issues of intellectual property rights would seem to be ones of interest only to obscure groups of academics and lawyers, they have become topics of everyday discussion among the regular population.Alleged copyright infringements by people downloading music from the internet and accompanying threats of prosecution as well as charges of strategic patenting to harm competitors in recent high profile antitrust cases have placed intellectual property into public and political debate. The incentives provided by secure property rights for promoting research and development, investment, production, and exchange are well known. These are the major arguments for patents, copyrights and other forms of intellectual property

This volume includes a series of papers which examine the contributions of entrepreneurship education on the performance of graduates. Using survey data for 2,484 entrepreneurship and non-entrepreneurship graduates, the analysis indicates that entrepreneurship education contributes to risk taking, the formation of new ventures, and firm growth. The second chapter continues with an assessment of the effects of entrepreneurship and technological change historically, focusing on the computer industry. Chapter three also examines the development of property rights in the computing industry with an assessment of the special problems of the internet. Chapter four turns to broader questions of the bases for entrepreneurial behavior within firms and presents survey data from South Africa and the US. Chapter five continues the analysis of entrepreneurial activities. A model is presented and implications are drawn. The final two chapters examine specific marketing issues for entrepreneurial firms. With ease of entry and intense competition, marketing strategies become especially critical