Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Contents -- About the Editor -- Chapter 1: Organic Cultivation of Vegetables -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Yield -- 1.3 Nutritional Quality -- 1.4 Plant Protection -- 1.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Reducing Arsenic Accumulation in Rice Using Physiology, Genetics and Breeding -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Arsenic Uptake and Accumulation in Rice -- 2.2.1 Root Uptake -- 2.2.2 Root to Shoot Translocation -- 2.2.3 Shoot to Grain Translocation -- 2.2.4 Arsenic Detoxification and Sequestration -- 2.3 Genetic Control of Arsenic Accumulation in Rice -- 2.3.1 Variation in Accumulation -- 2.3.2 Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Arsenic Accumulation -- 2.3.3 Insights from Transcriptome Analysis -- 2.4 Breeding for Low Grain-Arsenic Rice -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Recent Advances in Speciation Analysis of Trace Antimony in Environmental and Biological Samples Based on Cloud Point Extraction and Spectrometric Methods -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Reviews on Antimony -- 3.2.1 Antimony in the Environment -- 3.2.2 Human Exposure to Antimony -- 3.2.3 Conventional and Innovative Techniques for Antimony Removal -- 3.2.4 Different Approaches to Measure Speciation of Antimony -- 3.2.5 Antimony in Bottled Water -- 3.3 Extraction Procedures Used in Speciation Analysis of Antimony -- 3.4 Speciation Procedures Based on Cloud Point Extraction and Spectrometric Quantification -- 3.4.1 Combination of Cloud Point Extraction and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry -- 3.4.2 Combination of Cloud Point Extraction and Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry -- 3.4.3 Combination of Cloud Point Extraction and Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry -- 3.4.4 Combination of Cloud Point Extraction and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry.

Sustainable agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for humans and their children. It is a discipline that addresses current issues: climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, poor-nation starvation, rich-nation obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control and biodiversity depletion. This series gathers review articles that analyze current agricultural issues and knowledge, then proposes alternative solutions. Eric Lichtfouse: PhD in organic geochemistry, INRA researcher in Dijon, France since 1992, he teaches scientific writing. He is also editor in chief of the INRA journal Agronomy for Sustainable Development, and founder and editor of the Springer journal Environmental Chemistry Letters.

Intro -- Farming for Food and Water Security -- Contents -- Public Goods and Farming -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Review of Public Goods from Farming and Sustainability Assessment Tools -- 2.1 Public Goods and Farming -- 2.2 Specific "Public Goods" -- 2.2.1 Agricultural Landscapes -- 2.2.2 Biodiversity -- 2.2.3 Water Quality and Availability -- 2.2.4 Soil Functionality -- 2.2.5 Air Quality -- 2.2.6 Rural Vitality -- 2.2.7 Food Security -- 2.2.8 Farm Animal Health and Welfare -- 2.3 Integrated Sustainability Assessment Tools -- 3 Public Good (PG) Tool -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Pilot of the Tool on 40 Organic Farms -- 3.2.1 Descriptive Statistics -- 3.2.2 Discussion of Pilot Results -- 3.2.3 Pilot Feedback -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Pesticides and Sustainable Agriculture -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Use of Pesticides in Countries Around the World -- 2.1 Global Production of Synthetic Chemical Pesticides -- 2.2 Production of Biopesticides and Herbicide-Tolerant Crops -- 3 Rejection of Pesticides in the Environment and Mitigation Procedures -- 3.1 Diffuse Source of Contamination: Agriculture -- 3.1.1 Release of Agri-Chemicals into the Environment -- 3.1.2 Strategies for Controlling the Release of Agri-Pesticides in the Environment -- 3.2 Punctual Sources of Contamination: Release of Pesticides from Urban Areas -- 4 Impacts of Pesticides in the Environment and Human Concerns -- 5 Management and Treatment of Water Contaminated by Pesticides -- 5.1 Conventional Techniques Used for Pesticide Removal -- 5.1.1 Coagulation-Flocculation -- 5.1.2 Treatments Using Activated Carbon -- 5.1.3 Chlorination -- 5.2 Alternative Methods for Pesticide Removal -- 5.2.1 Ozonation -- 5.2.2 Treatment by Advanced Oxidation Processes -- 5.2.3 Treatment by Electro-Oxidation Processes -- 5.2.4 Treatment by Membrane Techniques.

Sustainable agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for our children. This discipline addresses current issues such as climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, starvation, obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control and biodiversity depletion. Novel solutions are proposed based on integrated knowledge from agronomy, soil science, molecular biology, chemistry, toxicology, ecology, economy, philosophy and social sciences. As actual society issues are now intertwined, sustainable agriculture will bring soluti

Sustainable Agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for humans and their children. It is a discipline that addresses current issues: climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, poor-nation starvation, rich-nation obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control and biodiversity depletion. This series gathers review articles that analyze current agricultural issues and knowledge, then proposes alternative solutions.

International audience ; Chapters: 1) Convergence or divide in the movement for sustainable and just agriculture. 2) No-till agriculture in the USA. 3) Organic fertilizers in sub-Saharan farming systems. 4) Biofuel Production Byproducts as Soil Amendments. 5) Pseudomonas and microbes for disease-suppressive soils. 6) Conservation Tillage Impact on Soil Aggregation, Organic Matter Turnover and Biodiversity. 7) Sustainable agricultural NP turnover in the 27 European countries. 8) Tomato production for human health, not only for food. 9) Jute biology, diversity, cultivation, pest control, fiber production and genetics. 10) Decision Support Systems for Agrotechnology Transfer. 11) Plant growth retardants and mineral fertilisers for cotton.

International audience ; Chapters: 1) Convergence or divide in the movement for sustainable and just agriculture. 2) No-till agriculture in the USA. 3) Organic fertilizers in sub-Saharan farming systems. 4) Biofuel Production Byproducts as Soil Amendments. 5) Pseudomonas and microbes for disease-suppressive soils. 6) Conservation Tillage Impact on Soil Aggregation, Organic Matter Turnover and Biodiversity. 7) Sustainable agricultural NP turnover in the 27 European countries. 8) Tomato production for human health, not only for food. 9) Jute biology, diversity, cultivation, pest control, fiber production and genetics. 10) Decision Support Systems for Agrotechnology Transfer. 11) Plant growth retardants and mineral fertilisers for cotton.

International audience ; Chapters: 1) Convergence or divide in the movement for sustainable and just agriculture. 2) No-till agriculture in the USA. 3) Organic fertilizers in sub-Saharan farming systems. 4) Biofuel Production Byproducts as Soil Amendments. 5) Pseudomonas and microbes for disease-suppressive soils. 6) Conservation Tillage Impact on Soil Aggregation, Organic Matter Turnover and Biodiversity. 7) Sustainable agricultural NP turnover in the 27 European countries. 8) Tomato production for human health, not only for food. 9) Jute biology, diversity, cultivation, pest control, fiber production and genetics. 10) Decision Support Systems for Agrotechnology Transfer. 11) Plant growth retardants and mineral fertilisers for cotton.

Mahatma Gandhi listed seven blunders of humanity: Wealth without work, Pleasure without conscience, Commerce without morality, Worship without sacrifice, Politics without principles, Knowledge without character, and Science without humanity. Here I tackle three major issues, climate change, financial crisis and nation security, to disclose weak points of current remedies, and to propose sustainable solutions. Global warming and the unexpected financial crisis will undoubtedly impact all nations. Treating those two critical issues solely by painkiller solutions will fail because only adverse consequences are healed, not their causes. Therefore all sources of issues must be treated at the same time by enhancing collaboration between politicians and scientists. Furthermore, the adverse consequences of globalisation of markets for energy, food and other goods have been overlooked, thus deeply weakening the security of society structures in the event of major breakdowns. Therefore dependence among people, organisations and nations must be redesigned and adapted to take into account ecological, social and security impacts. Solving climate, financial and security issues can be done by using tools and principles developed by agronomists because agronomy integrates mechanisms occurring at various space and time levels. Agriculture is also a central driver for solving most society issues because society has been founded by agriculture, and agriculture is the activity that provides food, renewable energies and materials to humans. I present a to-do list summarising the major practices, principles and benefits of sustainable agriculture based on about 100 recently-published review articles. The practices are agroforestry, allelopathy, aquaculture, beneficial microorganisms and insects, biofertilisation, biofuels, biological control, biological nitrogen fixation, breeding, carbon sequestration, conservation agriculture, crop rotation, cover crops, decision support systems, grass strips, integrated pest management, ...

Serious global issues such as poverty, illness, food prices, climate changes, global market, pollution, pest adaptation and resistance, soil degradation, decreasing biodiversity and desertification can be explained by the increasing artificialization of human society. Since most issues are now intertwined they cannot be solved anymore by the classical fireman approach. In that respect, the structure of actual science and governmental institutions are probably outdated and should evolve to meet global challenges. Unexpectedly, agronomy appears as a central science to solve current societal issues because agronomists are trained to manage the input of many disciplines such as plant biology, soil science, climate sciences, ecology and chemistry.