Suchergebnisse

This volume presents for the first time a collection of historically important papers written on the concept of rationality in the social sciences. In 1939-40, the famed Austrian economist Joseph A. Schumpeter and the famous sociologist Talcott Parsons convened a faculty seminar at Harvard University on the topic of rationality. The first part includes their essays as well as papers by the Austrian phenomenologist Alfred Schütz, the sociologist Wilbert Moore, and the economist Rainer Schickele. Several younger economists and sociologists with bright futures also participated, including Alex Gerschenkron, John Dunlop, Paul M. Sweezy, and Wassily W. Leontief, who was later awarded the Nobel Prize for developing input-output analysis. The second part presents essays and commentaries written by today's internationally noted social scientists and addressing the topic of rationality in social action from a broad range of perspectives. The book's third and final part shares the recently discovered correspondence between the seminar principals regarding the original but failed plan to publish its proceedings. It also includes letters, not previously published, between Richard Grathoff, Walter M. Sprondel and Talcott Parsons on the rationality seminar and the exchanges between Parsons and Schütz.

In 1989, from May to December, 1,440 injection drug users (IDUs) in Newark and Jersey City, not enrolled in treatment, were recruited by outreach to storefront offices, where they were interviewed about AIDS-risk behaviors and tested for antibodies to HIV. Information was gathered on drug use and sexual patterns, health, criminality and demographics. Data from 1,278 IDUs (88.75%) were analyzed; 667 (52.5%) tested HIV-antibody positive. Using univariate and multivariate analysis, thirteen variables were identified that were significantly and independently associated with seropositivity, including years since first drug injection, injecting mixed heroin and cocaine, frequent injection of cocaine by itself, no "crack" use, no noninjected heroin use, time in jail, abuse of glue or paint thinner, absence of sexual activity, subjects' global rating of their own AIDS risk, health history, gender, race and education. Implications for HIV risk assessment in other regions and for the development of interventions are discussed.