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The historical interface between science and religion was depicted as an unbridgeable conflict in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Starting in the 1970s, such a conception was too simplistic and not at all accurate when considering the totality of that relationship. This volume evaluates the utility of the "complexity principle" in past, present, and future scholarship. First put forward by historian John Brooke over twenty-five years ago, the complexity principle rejects the idea of a single thesis of conflict or harmony, or integration or separation, between science and religion. Rethinking History, Science, and Religion brings together an interdisciplinary group of scholars at the forefront of their fields to consider whether new approaches to the study of science and culture-such as recent developments in research on science and the history of publishing, the global history of science, the geographical examination of space and place, and science and media-have cast doubt on the complexity thesis, or if it remains a serviceable historiographical model

Victorians were fascinated by the flood of strange new worlds that science was opening to them. Exotic plants and animals poured into London from all corners of the Empire, while revolutionary theories such as the radical idea that humans might be descended from apes drew crowds to heated debates. Men and women of all social classes avidly collected scientific specimens for display in their homes and devoured literature about science and its practitioners. Victorian Science in Context captures the essence of this fascination, charting the many ways in which science influenced and was influence

Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction. Bernard Lightman and Sarah Qidwai -- Part I | Empire and Colony -- 1 | British Orientalism on Histories of Religion and Astral Sciences in Northern India | Simon Schaffer -- 2 | Debating Evolution and Religion in Nineteenth-Century South Asia | Tamara Fernando and Sarah Qidwai -- 3 | Evolution in Colonial Australia: Institutions, Religion, and Moral Formation | Joel Barnes -- 4 | As Above, So Below: The Role of Astronomical Evolution, Imperialism, and Religion in the Long Nineteenth Century | Edward Guimont -- Part II | Authority and Minority -- 5 | Evolution in Times of Political Transformations: Science, Religion, and the Media in Restoration Spain (1874-1898) | Jaume Navarro -- 6 | Argentine Positivism on Evolution and Religion in the Late Nineteenth Century | Ignacio Silva -- 7 | Prehistoric and Primeval Pasts: Antique Chronology and Civilizational Progress in Semicolonial Egypt | Meira Gold -- 8 | Evolution, Religion, and Racial Politics in New Zealand, 1814-1930 | John Stenhouse -- Part III | Appropriation and Response -- 9 | Evolution and Religion in Transnational Contexts: Britain, Japan, and China, 1859-1920 | Fa-ti Fan and Bernard Lightman -- 10 | The Jōdo Shinshū Embrace of Science in Late Meiji and Taishō Japan: Science, Secularism, and Buddhism in the Thought of Ishikawa Seishō and Fujikawa Yū | Tomoko Yoshida and Stephen P. Weldon -- 11 | Cosmic, Theistic Evolution and Kang Youwei: "The Martin Luther of Confucianism" | Wan Zhaoyuan -- 12 | Evolution and Constructions of Islam in the Ottoman World, 1870-1920 | M. Alper Yalçınkaya -- 13 | "Science Is Justified by Works, Not by Faith": American Biologists and Ernst Haeckel's Evolutionary Science and Religion | Daniel Halverson -- Coda | From Complexity to the Transnational | Bernard Lightman and Sarah Qidwai -- Notes.

Science in the marketplace : an introduction / Aileen Fyfe and Bernard Lightman -- How scientific conversation became shop talk / James A. Secord -- The diffusion of phrenology through public lecturing / John van Wyhe -- Lecturing in the spatial economy of science / Bernard Lightman -- Publishing "popular science" in early nineteenth-century Britain / Jonathan R. Topham -- Sensitive, bashful, and chaste? articulating the mimosa in science -- Ann B. Shteir -- Reading natural history at the British Museum and the Pictorial Museum / Aileen Fyfe -- Illuminating the expert-consumer relationship in domestic electricity / Graeme Gooday -- Natural history on display : the collection of Charles Waterton / Victoria Carroll -- Science at the crystal focus of the world / Richard Bellon -- "More the aspect of magic than anything natural" : the philosophy of demonstration / Iwan Rhys Morus -- The museum affect : visiting collections of anatomy and natural history / Samuel J. M. M. Alberti

"Although historians have suggested for some time that we move away from the assumption of a necessary clash between science and religion, the conflict narrative persists in contemporary discourse. But why? And how do we really know what people actually think about evolutionary science, let alone the many and varied ways in which it might relate to individual belief? In this multidisciplinary volume, experts in history and philosophy of science, oral history, sociology of religion, social psychology, and science communication and public engagement look beyond two warring systems of thought. They consider a far more complex, multifaceted, and distinctly more interesting picture of how differing groups along a spectrum of worldviews-including atheistic, agnostic, and faith groups-relate to and form the ongoing narrative of a necessary clash between evolution and faith. By ascribing agency to the public, from the nineteenth century to the present and across Canada and the United Kingdom, this volume offers a much more nuanced analysis of people's perceptions about the relationship between evolutionary science, religion, and personal belief, one that better elucidates the complexities not only of that relationship but of actual lived experience"--