Suchergebnisse

1. Cross-border Integration in the Øresund Region: A NEBI Showcase? -- I: Economic Integration -- 2. Migration Potential and Migration Effects after EU Enlargement -- 3. Unemployment, Migration and the Effects of EU Membership on the Polish Labour Market -- 4. Immigration to Scandinavia: Good or Bad for the Nordic Economies? -- 5. Approaching a Single Labour Market: Emerging Migration Patterns in the Baltic Sea Area -- 6. Cross-border Commuting and Integration -- II: Spatial Planning and the Environment -- 7. The Politics of Sustainability in the European Arctic -- 8. Underwriting the Environment: Development Bank Influence in the Barents Region -- 9. Environmental Aid to Poland and Win-Win Strategies -- 10. The Regional Economic Effects of the Ferner Belt Link for the Western Baltic Area -- 11. Russia in the Baltic Sea Roundwood Trade -- III: Transborder Regional Co-Operation -- 12. Transborder Co-operation: An Assessment -- 13. The European Union and the Baltic Sea Region: Problems and Prospects for Stability -- 14. The Union's Institutional Reform and Enlargement -- 15. State to Region: Nordic Co-operation and the Winds of Change -- 16. Regional Lobbying in Brussels -- IV: Political Integration, Territorial Governance and Security -- 17. Building Military Stability in the Baltic Sea Region -- 18. US Policy Toward Northern Europe: Political and Security Aspects -- 19. Security Development in the Barents Region -- 20. The Process of Russian Decentralisation: Baltic Policy Implications -- 21. Security Aspects of the EU's Northern Dimension -- North European and Baltic Statistics -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- About the Authors and Editors.

Åland Islands, a small Finnish island region with its own governmental powers, is rapidly aging together with its neighboring regions in mainland Finland and Sweden. The demographic momentum affects its labor market in various ways. Aging will keep exits from labor market high in the near future while the total size of labor force will barely grow. Rising old-age dependency increases the demand for social and health services which have been mainly provided by the public sector, which in turn strain the public finances. However, positive net migration boosted by favorable employment prospects has helped keep the population growth on a healthy annual rate of 0.5 to 1 percent. The economic development prospects of Åland are analyzed by means of an imperfect competition, recursive-dynamic computable general equilibrium model. The future changes are gauged by means of three scenarios: Base, Growth and Deceleration with varying assumptions regarding the competitive pressures, structure of labor demand, productivity and export demand growth among other things. Even industry-specific assumptions are varied, especially regarding shipping, the main industry of Åland. In addition to industrial dimension, the labor market is divided into two levels by educational attainment. However, additional disaggregation of labor supply and demand is carried out outside the behavioral core of the model: labor demand and supply are disaggregated according to sex, age, field of education and occupational grouping. The contribution of migration and education to the disaggregate labor supply are explicitly modeled with the help of detailed statistics on education and migration flows during the past decade. Hence, a rich picture of recent trends affecting the local labor market can be obtained. In our scenarios, we either assume that recent patterns will prevail or make assumptions on coming changes in the structure of labor demand. We show that exits from the labor market represent a major part of the recruiting need rather than changes in aggregate labor demand. We show that female workers with lower educational attainment (up to secondary level education) meet a decreasing recruitment need, whereas demand for higher educated, predominantly female labor seems to grow substantially. In contrast, recruiting need within occupations with predominantly male workers seems to be slowly decreasing. In the future, it may be necessary for men to be employed within traditionally female-dominated occupations, as well as women may have to make sure to acquire sufficiently high education, since occupations with rather low educational content risk disappearing. These changes require that education provided in Åland is flexible, strategically focused and coordinated with other policy areas, e.g. with industrial policies, housing and migration issues.

The NEBI Yearbook 2001/2002 provides a balanced picture of integrationist developments in the North European and Baltic Sea area. For this purpose it brings together scholars from several countries and a wide range of scientific areas. The Yearbook emphasises all major aspects of integration, i.e. basic economic integration; environment and infrastructure; cross-border regional integration; and hard and soft security. The special focus of this volume is the impact of EU enlargement on developments in the North European and Baltic Sea area

The NEBI Yearbook 1999 again aims to provide a balanced picture of both the integrationist opportunities and disintegrationist pressures in the entire North European and Baltic Sea area - a vast region with over 50 million inhabitants and great economic and trading potentials and crossing some of the most formidable historical and current divides of Europe. For this purpose it brings together 30 scholars from 10 countries covering a wide range of scientific fields that do not usually collaborate

The NEBI Yearbook 1998 aims to provide a balanced picture of both the integrationist opportunities and disintegrationist pressures in the entire North European and Baltic Sea area - a vast region with over 50 million inhabitants and great economic and trading potentials and crossing some of the most formidable historical and current divides of Europe. For this purpose it brings together 52 scholars from 11 countries covering a wide range of scientific fields that do not usually collaborate

This is the fifth volume of The NEBI Yearbook, whose aim it is to provide a balanced picture of integration in the North European and Baltic Sea areas. The special focus of NEBI 2003 is to survey the lessons learned and the experience gained as a result of a decade of intensive pan-Baltic and Barents co-operation made possible as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union. Like the previous volumes, NEBI 2003 contains a unique Statistical Section covering the entire NEBI area