Suchergebnisse

"Mit Hilfe einer feministisch-rechtlichen sowie kultursoziologischen Perspektive analysiert der Beitrag soziale Wahrnehmungen, politische Wurzeln sowie juristisch-rechtliche Entwicklungen im Prozess der Aufarbeitung von Unrecht in Ostasien am Beispiel der 'Trostfrauen'. Ziel des Beitrages ist es, Normen und Mechanismen des Gerechtigkeits-Systems sowie die neuen Entwicklungen der Geschichtspolitik in Ostasien zu beleuchten. Der Beitrag argumentiert, dass die herrschende gruppenorientierte Denkweise, das kulturspezifische Verständnis von Gerechtigkeit mit ausgeprägter Scheu vor Gerichtsverfahren als Alternative zum (hier nicht funktionierenden) Ansatz der Versöhnung, die Einstufung von sexueller Gewalt als Tabu und vielfältige politische und volkswirtschaftliche Kalküle es erschwert haben, den ehemaligen Trostfrauen Gerechtigkeit und Wiedergutmachung zu gewähren." (Autorenreferat)

This article uses an institutional network governance approach to explore the overlapping dimension of the policy fields between security, development, and human rights, reflected in the US and German provincial reconstruction teams (PRTs) in Afghanistan. The past two decades have witnessed a gradually changing paradigm in academic and policy debates regarding the questions of the normative basis of world order and possibilities for tackling imminent threats to security and peace (i.e. intra-state armed conflicts, failed states, terrorism, poverty, and deepening inequality). The introduction of concepts such as "human security" and "the right to humanitarian intervention/responsibility to protect (R2P)" as well as critical examinations of peace-, nation-, and state-building missions (PNSB) have led to a relativist tendency of state sovereignty and a changing attitude regarding how to address the intersection of security, development, and human rights. Despite this shift, the policy commitments to integrating these policy considerations remain puzzling. How have they been redefined, conceptualized, and put into practice? I argue that an integrated conceptual approach has facilitated the redefinition of common policy goals, principles, and the mobilization of resources. At the same time, civil and military cooperation, as demonstrated in the multifunctional work of PRTs, has been Janus-headed—permanently caught in an ongoing tension between the war on terror and short-term stability operation on the one hand and long-term durable peace and development on the other. The misunderstanding of its interim character, the dynamics of Afghan environment, the blurring of policy lines, and the differences between national PRT models have made it difficult to systematically assess the efficiency and legitimacy of each policy frame and program.

Since the 1990s many governments around the world have been encouraging their people to participate in green or low carbon living. With the background of rising consumer awareness in environmental protection, green consumption, and green marketing are receiving growing attention from consumers and enterprises. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify the goals and values of 60 Taiwanese consumers in a low-carbon diet. This study uses the theory of Mean-end chain as basis, applying the "Soft-laddering" of "Laddering" to understand the perceived value of low carbon food in depth interviews. The results revealed that the attributes of users care for green living in the, order of, Less meat more vegetables, Seasonal food, Local food, Food with minimal artificial processing, Energy-saving preparation and Carbon footprint. After classifying by content analysis, we draw the Hierarchical value map (HVM) to explore that consumer's pursuit of the final value and benefits by adopting a low-carbon diet relate to healthy living.

Social class stagnation is a current topic of concern. The stagnation of generational mobility could result in society losing its ability to enhance individuals? social status. This study explored higher education expansion as a possible cause of class stagnation by adopting the Human Development Index as a comprehensive indicator of individual social status, and determined dynamic mobility by observing the case of Taiwan, where higher education was expanded in 1994. Pseudo-panel data were obtained from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey. Our results indicate that rapid higher education expansion has a negative impact on social mobility for the generation who enters the labor market after the expansion starting point.

This paper examines the relationship between change in childbearing function from a woman's first to second marriage and the degree of similarity between her first and second husbands in age, education, and religion. Using data from the 1982 National Survey of Family Growth, the specific hypothesis tested is: where plans are similar, the second husband tends to resemble the first to a greater extent than where childbearing functions differ. Separate tests relating to age, education, and religion provide only limited support for this hypothesis. However, when the various tests are considered collectively as a system, the weight of the evidence provides general support for the hypotheses. The implications of these findings for understanding trends in marriage are discussed.