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Abstract
Focusing on the work of Johann P. Arnason and Peter Wagner, this article examines in its first part recent sociological, non-linear and contingency-sensitive ways of engagement with modernity, which refer to different levels of socio-historical configuration (civilization analysis vs. world sociology) and attribute different significance to normative questions. While both authors acknowledge the entanglement of European and non-European cultural worlds as well as its power dynamics, they still fail to fully grasp and theorize the devastating role of colonialism, which today is still felt in the marginalisation and even erasure of knowledge, perspectives, ideas and experiences from the 'non-West'. Their approaches also lack a serious engagement with post- and decolonial scholarship. The second part of this contribution presents decolonial thinking as a theoretical and normative-political project. Theorising modernity from 'beyond' invites us to 'break the Western code' (Mignolo) and engage with modernity from a perspective that is grounded in different epistemologies, philosophies and social imaginaries, ultimately questioning autonomy and mastery (over humans and nature) as basic premises or axioms of Western modernity. As a normative-political project decoloniality is future-oriented and, focusing on the temporally, spatially and socially contextualized acting subjects and collectives, aims to rebuild a polycentric world and establishes 'pluriversality as a universal project' (Mignolo). The Zapatista movement in Chiapas (Mexico), representing a new understanding of the revolutionary subject and the revolutionary praxis, illustrates how indigenous groups and (urban) Marxists can come together as equals, learn from each other and negotiate how to change the world in discourse and practice.

Das Jahr 2019 wurde von der UNO zum "Internationalen Jahr der indigenen Sprachen" ausgerufen. In diesem Zusammenhang ist der nachfolgende Text entstanden.

The article takes up J. P. Arnason's basic theoretical assumption that the western trajectory to modernity marks only one possibility of the modern constellation and that modernity has to be pluralized. Arnason's differentiation between a civilizational paradigm and a civilizational horizon allows us to acknowledge the ambivalent perceptions of modernity prevalent in the colonial and postcolonial encounter and gives space for counter-paradigms of modernity. Through a brief discussion of Indian reflections on modernity (P. Chatterjee, J. Alam) I want to argue that the aspect of agency, marginalized in the philosophical and sociological debate on multiple modernities, has to be integrated into the theory. Examples from the Indian Himalayas should show how in everyday life as well as in the course of a social movement for regional autonomy `preferred futures' are negotiated on the basis of a reflexive balancing of `traditional' and `modern' elements which are articulated and joined in a self-made present. The article ends with a plaidoyer for an anthropology of modernity.

Takes up Johann P. Arnason's basic theoretical assumption that the Western trajectory to modernity marks only one possibility of the modern constellation, & modernity has to be pluralized. Arnason's differentiation between a civilizational paradigm & a civilizational horizon reveals the ambivalent perceptions of modernity prevalent in the colonial & postcolonial encounter & gives space for counterparadigms of modernity. Through a brief discussion of Indian reflections on modernity, it is argued that the aspect of agency, marginalized in the philosophical & sociological debate on multiple modernities, has to be integrated into the theory. Examples from the Indian Himalayas show how, in everyday life as well as in the course of a social movement for regional autonomy, "preferred futures" are negotiated on the basis of a reflexive balancing of "traditional" & "modern" elements that are articulated & joined in a self-made present, a plaidoyer for an anthropology of modernity. 21 References. Adapted from the source document.

Introduction : the rights of Adivasis : historical predicaments and contemporary horizons / Antje Linkenbach and Vidhu Verma -- Development hubris and the dubious recognition of the environment and indigenous resource rights in Indian politics / Antje Linkenbach -- Adivasi and natural resources : self-ownership, dispossession, and self-determination / Vidhu Verma -- Adivasi economics and investment-forced displacement / Felix Padel -- Constitution as commons, spatial justice, and estrangement in Adivasi India : the continuing legacy of three legal cases / Kalpana Kannabiran -- Judiciary and tribal rights in India : shifting terrains of judicial pronouncements / Jagannath Ambagudia -- Mining and dispossession : exploring the exclusion of the tribals in Keonjhar District in Odisha / Seema Mallik -- Water as resource : social differentiation, reform, and water users associations in western India / Suhas Bhasme -- Land is our ancestor : gender, land acquisition, and the Nagri movement in Jharkhand / Rahul Ranjan -- Changing land rights in the Khasi Hills of Meghalaya : a gendered approach / Kavita N. Soreide.