Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Notes on contributors -- Introduction -- PART I Thought and attitude toward nature -- 1 Listening to bamboo: the Chinese literati's attitude and behavior toward the sounds of nature in the pre-modern era -- 2 Livestock and the "industrious revolution" in Tokugawa Japan, 1603-1868 -- PART II Case studies of mainland China and Taiwan -- 3 Water management and the legitimization of the Yongle reign, 1403-1424: an approach of political ecology -- 4 Media and the environment in treaty-port China: the "Woosung Bar" controversy in the 1870s -- 5 Disputes on the expansion project of Dahaizi Reservoir, Xinjiang, China, in the 1950s -- 6 Going green from industrial dream?: Community-NGOs cooperation among indigenous communities in Hualien, Taiwan -- PART III Case studies of Japan -- 7 Pyroclastic rivers: the Hôei Fuji Eruption (1707) -- 8 Across the Tama: bridges and roads, rivers and rocks -- Index.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of photos -- List of tables -- List of contributors -- Introduction: perspectives on environmental history in East Asia - changes in the land, water, and air -- Part I Land use -- 1 The tale of treasure grass: sweet clover's introduction and extension in China, 1942-1961 -- 2 Un-occupied spaces: demilitarization and land use in the Kanto Plain -- 3 Devastation and indigenous people in colonial forestry: representations of Taiwanese and Korean vegetation change in the Japanese empire -- Part II Cropping and fishing -- 4 Irrigation and sequence in agricultural time in Shanxi since the Ming dynasty -- 5 The importance of local customs to fisheries in early modern Japanese fishing villages -- 6 Rationalizing the ocean: low-level radiation and salmon farming in the North Pacific -- 7 Vibrant matter(s): fish and fishing histories in North Korea -- 8 The EU food reference laboratory and its lessons for Taiwan and China -- Part III Air quality and environmental risk -- 9 Lessons from the Sixth Naphtha Cracker Complex of Mailiao, Taiwan: environmental disputes and health risks -- 10 Energy saving practices and emissions reduction in coastal Southeast China and Taiwan -- Index.

Environment, Modernization and Development in East Asia critically examines modernization's long-term environmental history. Using local-level studies and the idea of co-production, it suggests new frameworks for understanding as inter-related processes environmental, social, and economic change across China and Japan. The volume opens up new points of comparison and exchange within East Asia and among East Asia, Europe, and North America. Environment, Modernization and Development in East Asia adds significant new perspectives to Chinese, Japanese, and global environmental history, as well as world history and development studies

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of maps -- List of tables -- List of contributors -- Introduction -- PART I Landscape organization -- 1 Borders and mosaics, east and west: landscape organization in environmental history -- Commentary -- Commentary -- Commentary -- PART II Managing the rivers -- 2 Writing the 20th-century history of water on the North China Plain -- 3 Land use change in a mountainous area during the past 300 years from the perspective of the spatial evolution of settlements: the case of the Zhangjiu River Basin in Yunnan Province, China -- 4 Taming the blind snake: flooding disasters and river regulation of the Zengwen River in colonial Taiwan -- PART III Land use and food production -- 5 Transformation through inundation: riziculturing Muslim identity in Qing Dynasty Khotan -- 6 The role of plant factories on food production and technology in Japan -- PART IV Development of eco-cities -- 7 Eco-city development in Japan -- 8 Ecological construction in coastal Southeast China -- 9 Building the sustainable city of Yilan: the development of environmental governance learning capacity -- PART V Folk belief and environment -- 10 Nature worship and the environment in Song China -- 11 The mountain spirits and lake monsters of Xinjiang Province during the Qing Dynasty -- Index

The weakness of the Ch'ing land tax system is manifested in the gradual reduction of the tax burden. This weakness can be traced to two practices: that of commutation and a fixed tax quota. A model is provided to analyze these practices and their impact on the tax burden. The empirical data of Su-chou and Sung-chiang prefectures are used to implement the theoretical analysis. It is found that the tax burden was reduced enormously, about 50 percent by 1830. The article includes one table, five figures, and one appendix.