Suchergebnisse

Long-term sustainability of industries such as an agri-food production system is essential in the light of pressures to satisfy diverse customer needs, comply with government regulations, and to maintain core competency as in response to stiffer market competition. This has led to the identification of best management practices for highly critical and important commodities as the case of muscovado sugar. This paper attempts to gauge the performance of sugarcane production and management technology for use in muscovado sugar production in the province of Antique vis-á-vis process-specific levels of sugarcane production technology as categorized by the Sugar Regulatory Administration. A survey was conducted in 7 sugarcane-producing municipalities in the Province of Antique with 79 respondents selected using two-stage random sampling. Results show that the industry is at par when it comes to best management practices along the areas of planting practices, planting material selection, closing in timing, harvesting practices, trash management, shuttle shaving, and variety programming. The industry in the province lags behind along the areas of soil preparation and fertilizer application. It is recommended that all interventions geared towards improving the industry performance be anchored on evidence-based research findings. Moreover, it is further recommended that to improve productivity in sugarcane production, the industry in Antique must capitalize on its strengths while working towards the improvement of critical areas mentioned.

This paper provides an empirical basis for local water-governance reforms in the Philippines using primary data from 299 water managers representing water districts, community-based water organizations, irrigators' associations and local government water providers. Survey results showed that local water organizations are subject to various forms of laws and regulations; there are no set bases for water price determination; and water administration set-up varies from the formal to the loosely informal structures. Recommendations are offered towards responsive local water governance arrangements.

Using a multi-dimensional framework of governance, this paper analyzed the state of water governance in the Philippines from the legal, organizational, and operational perspectives at various governance levels. Data were taken from secondary sources and case studies done by the authors. Results showed that the many legal documents for water are a source of confusion; that water data for planning are inadequate; that there are numerous water agencies, these are not connected vertically nor horizontally; and, that these various institutions do not have sufficient human and financial resources and presence at the local level to be effective in their mandates. The authors recommend: 1) to review the legal and institutional framework for water; 2) to improve on planning and decision making mandates; and, 3) to study and implement more participatory models of water governance fitted to the Philippine context.

Using Saleth and Dinar's water governance framework, the study characterized irrigators' associations and examined how they operate and how they are managed. A total of 128 association presidents were surveyed in ten provinces in the Philippines and were asked about their knowledge and perception on the organization, natural resource policies, and water status in the locality.The Nation Irrigation System (NIS) still has a formal structure as influenced by the National Irrigation Administration (NIA), but it is assuming the characteristic of the paradigm shift to participatory irrigation management. The CIS, on the other hand, may remain to be an informal organization that is mimicking the character of the NIS, or it may become more formal in operation.The irrigators' associations were guided by institutional processes in water pricing. They differed on the basis and the average amount charged, and on modes of collection. Pricing did not reflect the true of water with amount set arbitrarily, and collections aimed at partial or full cost recovery. Water administration is concerned with governance of water organization, policy and decision making, functional capacity, and government's level of influence on the water organization.Water managers of NIS and CIS had dissimilar perceptions on irrigation water quantity. Water laws (surface water, forest, and land use) were viewed to have moderate to very strong linkage. Water rights were perceived to be common or shared equally by community members. Arising mainly from scheduling/ distribution, conflicts were resolved within the association or at the barangay (village) government.

© 2018, University of the Philippines Los Banos. All rights reserved. Mount Banahaw, an active volcano and a watershed tn the municipality of Dolores, Quezon province, Philippines, is also a considered a sacred place. This study discussed the community outcomes arising from the conceptual dichotomy of perceptions of multi-use of water by formal organizations such as water districts for domestic use and by informal organizations such as the religious groups for the sacred or religious use of water from the sacred mountain; and the negotiations among these different actors and agents for water access. Results distilled lessons around the interlocking themes of water use and institutions in the access and allocation of water resources as water transits from non-consumptive use to use value. Polycentric water governance is necessary in the context of Mount Banahaw's cultural, social and economic realities.