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Book reviewed in this article:E. E. Maccoby (1998), The Two Sexes: Growing Up Apart, Coming Together

What factors influence adolescents to take up smoking? Why do more girls smoke than boys? In contrast to medical orthodoxy, Smoking in Adolescence looks at smoking from the adolescents' own points of view. What emerges is that regular smokers are seen as fun-loving and nonconformist; cigarettes are a passport to a fashionable, popular and 'hard' identity. Young people create, and are influenced by, complex images of smokers and nonsmokers. Barbara Lloyd and Kevin Lucas explore the psychological dimensions such as social environment, family, peers, stress and coping, body image, mood and pleasu

AbstractChildren, aged 4 to 5 years, were recorded in everyday classroom interaction at the beginning and the end of their first year at school. Their use of language in pretend play was analyzed from transcriptions of the video record. Although girls directed a greater proportion of their speech to controlling others, there were no consistent differences between girls and boys in the use of directives or instructions to pretend. On their entry to school these children displayed few distinct gender‐related patterns in their spontaneous speech.