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Diese Dissertation basiert auf einer auf den Menschen bezogenen, multidimensionalen Betrachtung von Entwicklung. Sie soll empirisch Übereinstimmungen und Determinanten der Gesundheit von Kindern in Ländern mit niedrigem und mittlerem Einkommen analysieren. Der erste Essay – mit verfasst von Stephan Klasen - wendet bivariate Cluster Analyse an, um die Beziehung der Verbesserungen verschiedener Gesundheits- und Bildungsindikatoren der Millennium Development Goals (MDG) zu untersuchen. Die MDGs beinhalten Schlüsselaspekte des menschlichen Wohlbefindens und sollten daher eng miteinander verkopp...

It is widely believed that clientelism-the giving of material goods in return for electoral support-is associated with poorer development outcomes. However, systematic cross-country evidence on the deleterious effects of clientelism on development outcomes is lacking. In this paper we examine the relationship between political clientelism, public goods provision, and governance quality using cross-country panel data for 161 countries for the period 1900-2017. We distinguish between two manifestations of political clientelism-whether vote buying exists, and whether political parties offer material goods to their constituents in exchange for political support (non-programmatic party linkages). We find negative effects of political clientelism on development outcomes, with increases in clientelism leading to lower coverage of welfare programmes, increased political corruption, and weaker rule of law. We also find that the deleterious effects of political clientelism are mainly through non-programmatic party linkages rather than the practice of vote buying.

AbstractStandard growth incidence curves describe how growth episodes impact on the overall income distribution. However, measuring the pro-poorness of the growth process is complex due to measurement errors, and to the effect of shocks that may hit the percentiles of the income distribution in different ways. Therefore, standard growth incidence curves may misrepresent the true growth process and its distributive impact. Relying on a non-anonymous approach, we compare actual growth episodes at each percentile of the initial personalized distribution with counterfactual mobility profiles which rule out the presence of shocks. We consider Indonesia in 2000–2007 and 2007–2014, two growth spells in which there was substantial, significant upward mobility among the initially poorer, a sizeable part of which cannot be explained by unobserved individual endowments or standard socio-economic attributes. The difference between actual and expected growth is related, in the early 2000s, to the economy-wide transformations, which characterized the early years of the post-Suharto era. However, in the more recent years, it can be largely attributed to individual recovery from previous negative losses and high vulnerability and reactivity to shocks for the poor.