Suchergebnisse

A construção de um ius commune na América Latina parece ser o seguinte passo lógico da caminhada rumo à plena efetividade dos direitos humanos na região. Contudo, há ainda alguns aspectos teórico-práticos que precisam de maior discussão acadêmica. Nesse contexto, objetiva o presente artigo apresentar uma proposta de fundamentação desse ius commune que se afasta da tradicional, isto é, que não gira em torno do diálogo entre cortes, mas que propõe a adoção de uma taxonomia de normas alterativas, nos moldes propostos por Andrade Moreno. Para tal, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica na doutrina nacional e comparada, bem como pesquisa na legislação e jurisprudência pátria, comparada e internacional, sendo esses dados analisados por meio do método dialético-dedutivo. Desse modo, inicialmente, constatou-se que a atuação dos órgãos do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos vem sendo questionada pelo seu forte ativismo. Posteriormente, mostrou-se que o diálogo entre a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e as cortes nacionais da região tem sido desenvolvido de forma hierarquizada, especialmente a partir da adoção do controle de convencionalidade, o que vem sendo questionado por diversos Estados e importante setor da doutrina. Finalmente, concluiu-se, que a proposta das normas alterativas pode ser uma alternativa interessante para solidificar a construção do ius commune.

Tourism has been gaining increasing importance in the global economy, in general, and, more specifically, in Europe, Portugal, and smaller areas such as Portugal's Norte region. The north of Portugal has a rich cultural, historical and architectural landscape heritage, including some pearls that the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation has classified over the years as World Heritage Sites. With its wide-ranging impact on economic growth, employment and social development, tourism can be a powerful tool with which to shape the Portuguese economy, contributing to the country's competitiveness, richness and cohesion. Therefore, the government and tourism stakeholders have recently made a stronger commitment to developing this sector. The goal of this study was to analyse tourism policies' contributions to the development of the tourism sector in the northernmost region of Portugal, included in the National Strategic Plan for Tourism (PENT) and in the Regional North Tourism Agenda (ART). This study sought to achieve these objectives by focusing on two main aspects. First, it examined the characteristics of the sector, identifying the tourism products in the Norte region. Second, this research analysed the overall picture of the sector's development between 2004 and 2014. For that, we made a descriptive analysis of the main tourism indicators based on data collected from several sources, namely the Instituto Nacional de Estatística (National Statistics Institute) (INE), PENT, the Comissão de Coordenação e Desenvolvimento Regional do Norte (Northern Portugal Regional Coordination and Development Commission), Turismo de Portugal (Tourism of Portugal) and Turismo do Porto e Norte de Portugal (Tourism of Oporto and Northern Portugal). The results reveal that investment in tourism in the Norte region has included offering eight primary tourism products and differentiators in four tourism subregions (i.e. Oporto Metropolitan Area, Alto Minho, Douro and Terras de Trás-os-Montes). Comparing the forecast values in terms of overnight stays, tourists and revenue set by PENT, the reality showed that the results were a little bit far from the expected; however, the findings confirm the common perception that Portugal's Norte region is still experiencing a trend towards growth as a tourist destination. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

O presente texto visa refletir sobre o neocolonialismo e as armadilhas da culpabilidade do outro. Após as independências dos países africanos observamos em vários espaços a dificuldade de instauração do Estado de direito e de organização de políticas econômicas que reduzissem o impacto do colonialismo e integrassem suas populações na nova ordem nacional. As fendas abertas pela necessidade de reajuste constituíram-se em veios para a penetração de sistemas de dominação econômica que pelo jogo da culpa encobrem políticas internacionais e práticas locais.

Abstract In recent years funding aid operations has dramatically increased, along with the concern about the real impact of its initiatives. Despite considerable amount of money have been invested world widely and a great number of projects already implemented changes have been considered inconsistent. As a result, major donors are pressuring Non governmental organizations (NGO) to evidence their achievements and legitimate their cause. There are several factors which distinguish the NGO as unique within project management environments, such as the social accountability claimed and the nature of the impact aimed. Therefore, traditional project management practices might not be suitable in the case of NGO's project. This study analysed project methods most applied for NGO's project and discussed about it accountability challenges related to project management. Willing to further understand how in practice NGO managers are dealing with those challenges, a case study was developed with a NGO that works with environmental issues. As a result, it was evidenced that practical methodologies are applied to embrace the organization own needs. It was apparent that project management methods were adapted to the institutional purpose, even though adjustments might not be completely in accordance with internal procedures. Project management tools are assumed as a semi structure basis and can be adjusted if the work is justified. A flexible approach relies on the trust and expertise of the organization staff. As a conclusion, it was evidenced that NGO's projects carry particular aspects and expectations over project accountability and management methodologies must be adapted and complementary methodological approaches are being developed.

After the COVID-19 crisis, a considerable contraction emerged in the labor supply of the hospitality industry. This investigation aims to identify some factors that justify the intention behind an ex-worker in tourism changing their occupation. In particular, we investigate if the change is motivated by skill mismatches or by a willingness to find more stable and rewarding jobs. Several datasets were combined to obtain multilevel information on all the unemployed from the hospitality industry between September 2022 and August 2023. A probit model was used to estimate the intention to change occupation, considering different personal, regional and occupational characteristics. Our results demonstrate that, for overqualified individuals, the intention to change occupation is motivated by trying to find better conditions and not by the mismatch per se. In contrast, the underqualified are significantly affected by the mismatch, which make them more vulnerable. Generally, movers are significantly influenced by the odds of having higher job stability and better wages (especially higher overtime premium) and are more frequently younger and higher educated individuals. Therefore, employers and policymakers should promote better wages, job stability, training, and career progression opportunities to reduce turnover in the hospitality industry.

AbstractThis study examines the impact of different regional determinants on heterogeneous territorial resilience to the COVID‐19 crisis, highlighting the role of innovation, particularly the engagement of research and innovation (R&I) entities in networks with businesses. Two ordinary least squares (OLS) models were separately estimated for the resistance and the recovery phases, complemented by a multinomial logistic model, applied to test for a nonlinear relationship between R&I networks and territorial resilience. The results are robust concerning the positive influence on municipalities' resistance and recovery of having R&I entities collaborating in innovation consortia. Education, stability, and sectoral diversification of the local labor market are also essential for regions to be able to resist to the crisis but seem not important for recovery. Finally, international trade openness and pre‐crisis labor performance penalizes both resistance and recovery from downturns.

Este trabalho é uma introdução ao estudo sobre Mato Grosso na sua condição de fronteira expandida e colonizada pelos portugueses no século XVIII, especialmente no governo de Luiz de Albuquerque de Mello Pereira e Cáceres (1772-1790), através da consolidação da primeira capital da antiga província, Villa Bella da Santíssima Trindade, enquanto um território conquistado a partir dos códigos culturais europeus.