Suchergebnisse

The indicator on recreational and educational services of Mediterranean wetlands (RES-MW), developed by the MWO and the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Montpellier (IAMM) during the period 2011-2016, is intended to measure the human and social impacts that wetlands generate on the visitors to these ecosystems. The logic behind the indicator is that a natural capital (wetlands), when made accessible through a constructed capital (infrastructures and services provided by managers), generates an impact on human and social capitals (visitors). The study was carried out in 27 Mediterranean wetlands spread in 10 countries in different sub-regions. In each site, 150 visitors were interviewed, or 4050 persons in total, with 3717 validated questionnaires. The large majority of visitors interviewed (61%) were nationals of the countries involved in the study. The synthesis for decision-makers includes a series of recommendations to increase the positive impacts on visitors to wetland sites.

L'indicateur sur les services récréatifs et éducatifs des zones humides méditerranéennes (SRE-ZHM), développé par l'OZHM et l'Institut agronomique méditerranéen de Montpellier (IAMM) au cours de la période 2011-2016, vise à mesurer de manière comparable entre sites, les impacts humains et sociaux que procurent les zones humides auprès des visiteurs récréatifs et éducatifs de ces écosystèmes. La logique de l'indicateur est qu'un capital naturel (zones humides) rendu accessible par un capital construit (infrastructures et services d'accueil) génère un impact sur le capital humain et le capital social auprès des visiteurs. L'étude a été réalisée dans 27 zones humides méditerranéennes réparties sur 10 pays de différentes sous-régions. Pour chaque site, 150 visiteurs ont été interviewés, soit 4 050 personnes au total, avec 3 717 questionnaires retenus. La grande majorité des visiteurs interrogés (61%) étaient des ressortissants des pays impliqués dans l'étude. La synthèse destinée aux décideurs et aux gestionnaires de zones humides comprend aussi une série de recommandations visant à améliorer l'efficacité de l'impact auprès des visiteurs de ces zones.

The indicator on recreational and educational services of Mediterranean wetlands (RES-MW), developed by the MWO and the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Montpellier (IAMM) during the period 2011-2016, is intended to measure the human and social impacts that wetlands generate on the visitors to these ecosystems. The logic behind the indicator is that a natural capital (wetlands), when made accessible through a constructed capital (infrastructures and services provided by managers), generates an impact on human and social capitals (visitors). The study was carried out in 27 Mediterranean wetlands spread in 10 countries in different sub-regions. In each site, 150 visitors were interviewed, or 4050 persons in total, with 3717 validated questionnaires. The large majority of visitors interviewed (61%) were nationals of the countries involved in the study. The synthesis for decision-makers includes a series of recommendations to increase the positive impacts on visitors to wetland sites.

The indicator on recreational and educational services of Mediterranean wetlands (RES-MW), developed by the MWO and the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Montpellier (IAMM) during the period 2011-2016, is intended to measure the human and social impacts that wetlands generate on the visitors to these ecosystems. The logic behind the indicator is that a natural capital (wetlands), when made accessible through a constructed capital (infrastructures and services provided by managers), generates an impact on human and social capitals (visitors). The study was carried out in 27 Mediterranean wetlands spread in 10 countries in different sub-regions. In each site, 150 visitors were interviewed, or 4050 persons in total, with 3717 validated questionnaires. The large majority of visitors interviewed (61%) were nationals of the countries involved in the study. The synthesis for decision-makers includes a series of recommendations to increase the positive impacts on visitors to wetland sites.

L'indicateur sur les services récréatifs et éducatifs des zones humides méditerranéennes (SRE-ZHM), développé par l'OZHM et l'Institut agronomique méditerranéen de Montpellier (IAMM) au cours de la période 2011-2016, vise à mesurer de manière comparable entre sites, les impacts humains et sociaux que procurent les zones humides auprès des visiteurs récréatifs et éducatifs de ces écosystèmes. La logique de l'indicateur est qu'un capital naturel (zones humides) rendu accessible par un capital construit (infrastructures et services d'accueil) génère un impact sur le capital humain et le capital social auprès des visiteurs. L'étude a été réalisée dans 27 zones humides méditerranéennes réparties sur 10 pays de différentes sous-régions. Pour chaque site, 150 visiteurs ont été interviewés, soit 4 050 personnes au total, avec 3 717 questionnaires retenus. La grande majorité des visiteurs interrogés (61%) étaient des ressortissants des pays impliqués dans l'étude. La synthèse destinée aux décideurs et aux gestionnaires de zones humides comprend aussi une série de recommandations visant à améliorer l'efficacité de l'impact auprès des visiteurs de ces zones.

L'indicateur sur les services récréatifs et éducatifs des zones humides méditerranéennes (SRE-ZHM), développé par l'OZHM et l'Institut agronomique méditerranéen de Montpellier (IAMM) au cours de la période 2011-2016, vise à mesurer de manière comparable entre sites, les impacts humains et sociaux que procurent les zones humides auprès des visiteurs récréatifs et éducatifs de ces écosystèmes. La logique de l'indicateur est qu'un capital naturel (zones humides) rendu accessible par un capital construit (infrastructures et services d'accueil) génère un impact sur le capital humain et le capital social auprès des visiteurs. L'étude a été réalisée dans 27 zones humides méditerranéennes réparties sur 10 pays de différentes sous-régions. Pour chaque site, 150 visiteurs ont été interviewés, soit 4 050 personnes au total, avec 3 717 questionnaires retenus. La grande majorité des visiteurs interrogés (61%) étaient des ressortissants des pays impliqués dans l'étude. La synthèse destinée aux décideurs et aux gestionnaires de zones humides comprend aussi une série de recommandations visant à améliorer l'efficacité de l'impact auprès des visiteurs de ces zones.

Urban planning offers various design possibilities to solve fundamental challenges faced in urban areas. These include the need to physically renew old industrial and harbour riverside areas into liveable, inclusive and sustainable living spaces. This paper investigates the way urban planning policies have helped to renew the waterfront areas in the Lisbon metropolis in the past decades. For this purpose, the contribution of the European Union (EU) and national urban development plans over the past decades are analysed. The results demonstrate an intense renewal of the waterfront areas in the Lisbon metropolitan area (LMA), particularly in Lisbon over the past three decades into leisure, ecologic and touristic areas, vis-à-vis the previous industrial and harbour vocation ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Abstract. This study aims to characterise the rainfall exceptionality and the meteorological context of the 20 February 2010 flash-floods in Madeira (Portugal). Daily and hourly precipitation records from the available rain-gauge station networks are evaluated in order to reconstitute the temporal evolution of the rainstorm, as its geographic incidence, contributing to understand the flash-flood dynamics and the type and spatial distribution of the associated impacts. The exceptionality of the rainstorm is further confirmed by the return period associated with the daily precipitation registered at the two long-term record stations, with 146.9 mm observed in the city of Funchal and 333.8 mm on the mountain top, corresponding to an estimated return period of approximately 290 yr and 90 yr, respectively. Furthermore, the synoptic associated situation responsible for the flash-floods is analysed using different sources of information, e.g., weather charts, reanalysis data, Meteosat images and radiosounding data, with the focus on two main issues: (1) the dynamical conditions that promoted such anomalous humidity availability over the Madeira region on 20 February 2010 and (2) the uplift mechanism that induced deep convection activity.

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) are a key population affected by hepatitis C virus (HCV). Treatment options are improving and may enhance prevention; however access for PWID may be poor. The availability in the literature of information on seven main topic areas (incidence, chronicity, genotypes, HIV co-infection, diagnosis and treatment uptake, and burden of disease) to guide HCV treatment and prevention scale-up for PWID in the 27 countries of the European Union is systematically reviewed. Methods and Findings: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library for publications between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2012, with a search strategy of general keywords regarding viral hepatitis, substance abuse and geographic scope, as well as topic-specific keywords. Additional articles were found through structured email consultations with a large European expert network. Data availability was highly variable and important limitations existed in comparability and representativeness. Nine of 27 countries had data on HCV incidence among PWID, which was often high (2.7-66/100 person-years, median 13, Interquartile range (IQR) 8.7–28). Most common HCV genotypes were G1 and G3; however, G4 may be increasing, while the proportion of traditionally 'difficult to treat' genotypes (G1+G4) showed large variation (median 53, IQR 43–62). Twelve countries reported on HCV chronicity (median 72, IQR 64–81) and 22 on HIV prevalence in HCV-infected PWID (median 3.9%, IQR 0.2–28). Undiagnosed infection, assessed in five countries, was high (median 49%, IQR 38–64), while of those diagnosed, the proportion entering treatment was low (median 9.5%, IQR 3.5–15). Burden of disease, where assessed, was high and will rise in the next decade. Conclusion: Key data on HCV epidemiology, care and disease burden among PWID in Europe are sparse but suggest many undiagnosed infections and poor treatment uptake. Stronger efforts are needed to improve data availability to guide an increase in HCV treatment among PWID.