Suchergebnisse

Traditional judicial mechanisms did not offer an adequate solution for cross-border electronic commerce disputes. Although there has been expected great potential in solving disputes online and the rise of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) use, the assumptions has not been confirmed yet. Only a few examples demonstrate the success stories of ODR, which is in big contrast to the continuous growth of electronic transactions and in general with the use of the online environment. The European Commission however understood the potential of ODR and it is trying to foster the use of it by adopting the ODR Regulation and the ADR Directive. Such legal framework has been developed to apply in consumer disputes arising out of sales or providing services between an EU consumer and an EU trader. The ADR Directive sets out basic standards of ADR entities and processual rules under which it is possible to solve the dispute. Then under the ODR Regulation the complainant will be able to submit a complaint using the ODR platform. The complaint (and any related documentation) will be submitted to the ODR platform via an electronic form. Yet it is necessary to assess the risks of above mentioned legal framework. One of the great concerns are connected with possible forum shopping while providers are registering as ADR entities. Experienced trader (unlike the consumer) is able to choose ADR provider, which is more likely to decide in his favour. Possible exclusion of online negotiation or even online tools in general is then further underlining possible concerns. The paper will thus assess main legal aspects of ADR / ODR legal framework of European Union Law and it will deal with main problematic parts of it.

Only 18% of consumers in the European Union have used the Internet to purchase a product abroad in 2014. The main reason is that they do not feel confident in online shopping. One of the key factors is lack of dispute resolution mechanisms which would be efficient and which would offer consumers proper mechanisms to deal with their dispute online in a fast way. The European Commission understood the potential of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR)) which is able to offer consumers an efficient solution to solve their dispute and it is trying to foster cross-border e-commerce by adopting the Regulation on Online Dispute Resolution for Consumer Disputes (which establishes ODR platform) and the Directive on Alternative Dispute Resolution for Consumer Disputes. The main aim of the article is to present aspects arising from using an ODR platform, which builds on a previous theoretical work of the author. The purpose of the article is to analyse impacts which arise from such dispute resolution and to discuss particular phases connected with the utilization of the ODR platform. The ODR platform should be fully operational and accessible to consumers from 15th February 2016.

The text is focused primarily on the concept of informed consumers in the Czech law. We do not aim to cover exhaustively the whole field. The main target of the article is to introduce specific questions which are connected to such a topic. In the beginning we primarily introduce general characteristics of the informed consumer, then we analyse pre-contractual information obligation and the demands focused on the transparency. As the position of the consumer is weaker than the position of the entrepreneur, misleading commercial practices and unfair contract terms are examined as well. The text is then focused on sector specific rules, such as in the area of financial services and on the aspects of the digital consumer. Throughout the text, some problematic aspects of Czech regulation or inappropriate implementation of European legislation are mentioned as well. The aim of the article is to introduce national specifics within abovementioned areas and to analyse relevant questions of consumer protection connected with information duty of the entrepreneurs. ; Článek se zabývá informační povinností podnikatele vůči spotřebiteli v kontextu českého soukromého práva a dále v kontextu práva EU. ; The text is focused primarily on the concept of informed consumers in the Czech law. We do not aim to cover exhaustively the whole field. The main target of the article is to introduce specific questions which are connected to such a topic. In the beginning we primarily introduce general characteristics of the informed consumer, then we analyse pre-contractual information obligation and the demands focused on the transparency. As the position of the consumer is weaker than the position of the entrepreneur, misleading commercial practices and unfair contract terms are examined as well. The text is then focused on sector specific rules, such as in the area of financial services and on the aspects of the digital consumer. Throughout the text, some problematic aspects of Czech regulation or inappropriate implementation of European legislation are mentioned as well. The aim of the article is to introduce national specifics within abovementioned areas and to analyse relevant questions of consumer protection connected with information duty of the entrepreneurs.

The book is concerned with a legal regulation of interception of electronic communications in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. There are analysed legal instruments embodied within the framework of enforceable law which can be used by police for the sake of criminal investigation and other specialised tasks arising from the Act No. 273/2008 Sb., on Police of the Czech Republic, or by intelligence agencies during fulfilling of their duties. Consequently, in seven chapters, there is described and analysed a structure of legal regulation of interception of electronic communications, constitutional safeguards, access authorization of relevant public agencies, and possibilities of use of the interceptions in court proceedings. Analysis of Slovak legal regulation is present in the form of the eighth comparative chapter. The book is also concerned with collection and retention of operational and localisation data, access to them and their use in court proceedings. ; Monografie se zabývá právní úpravou odposlechů elektronických komunikací v České republice a na Slovensku. Analyzuje účinnou právní úpravu možnosti provádění odposlechů elektronických komunikací orgány činnými v trestním řízení při odhalování a vyšetřování trestné činnosti policií za účelem plnění zvláštních úkolů vyplývajících ze zákona č. 273/2008 Sb., o Policii České republiky a zpravodajskými službami při plnění jejich úkolů. V sedmi kapitolách je postupně popsána struktura právní úpravy odposlechů elektronických komunikací, jsou analyzována ústavněprávní východiska, oprávnění dotčených orgánů veřejné moci na přístup k odposlechům a možnost užití odposlechů během soudního řízení. Slovenská právní úprava je obsažena formou osmé komparativní kapitoly. Monografie se dotýká rovněž tzv. data retention, tedy uchovávání provozních a lokalizačních údajů ze sítí elektronických komunikací a přístupu k nim.