Suchergebnisse

The history of two major guidelines -- low income targeting & community participation -- of the community development block grant program during its first six years is presented. Strong federal enforcement resulted in a slight increase in low income targeting, but rigorous Dept of Housing & Ur Development enforcement, combined with strong citizen participation, was necessary for some jurisdictions to emphasize targeting. The impact of these findings on the present era of attempts toward major relaxation of federal grant prerequisites & enforcement is suggested. Further research is needed to determine how effectively local grant monies will be distributed when faced with decreased federal intervention. Modified HA.

It is not always realized that local governments are as regulated by state and federal directives as businesses and other private institutions. While government oversight of businesses is encompassed by the notion of regulation, the regulation of localities is subsumed under the heading of "the mandate issue. " Local governments are at the end of a funnel of requirements imposed by both their respective states and the federal government, and this article explores the definitional and descriptive spadework that must be done before more serious work can proceed in the study of mandates. The first inventory of federal mandates is provided, along with inventories of a sample of five states. The inventories are based on a typology developed for the study of mandates. The findings provide an empirical setting for the increased concern over the number of mandates and the trend for greater federal involvement in directing the affairs of local governments.