Suchergebnisse

The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States has forced federal and local governments to implement containment measures. Moreover, the severity of the situation has sparked engagement by both the research and clinical community with the goal of developing effective treatments for the disease. This article proposes a time dynamic prediction model with competing risks for the infected individual and develops a simple tool for policy makers to compare different strategies in terms of when to implement the strictest containment measures and how different treatments can increase or suppress infected cases. Two types of containment strategies are compared: (1) a constant containment strategy that could satisfy the needs of citizens for a long period; and (2) an adaptive containment strategy whose strict level changes across time. We consider how an effective treatment of the disease can affect the dynamics in a pandemic scenario. For illustration we consider a region with population 2.8 million and 200 initial infectious cases assuming a 4% mortality rate compared with a 2% mortality rate if a new drug is available. Our results show compared with a constant containment strategy, adaptive containment strategies shorten the outbreak length and reduce maximum daily number of cases. This, along with an effective treatment plan for the disease can minimize death rate.

The transition to e-government and digital means of data collection, storage, analysis and use provides the Government of Myanmar with a unique opportunity to rethink ways of working, and develop a local data ecosystem that generates quality data and strengthens the work of government. Over the past five years, The Asia Foundation has been working with a range of government agencies across Myanmar to improve the collection and use of data, and develop and implement digital systems to support their work. The Foundation's work helps individual agencies to meet their routine responsibilities, but also enables multiple departments to work together to plan and solve local problems collectively and strategically. The Foundation is publishing Developing Myanmar's Local Data Ecosystem to share its experience and learning. We hope that it provides insights of use to all stakeholders in Myanmar's governance system.

Purpose
This study aims to examine Taiwanese hospitality students' self-reported professional competence in surplus food management and assess the usefulness of their university training in this area. Using the importance-performance analysis (IPA) method, it is possible to obtain a clearer understanding of the priority order of the items that require improvement and to identify which surplus food management competence items should be strengthened in the school curriculum and which items should be enhanced by the students.


Design/methodology/approach
This study used the questionnaire survey method. It evaluated seven dimensions covering 29 items related to surplus food management competencies of the kitchen staff. The evaluation was done using IPA to determine the relationship between professional competence (performance level) and courses provided (importance level). The factor coordinates were completed according to the means of personal qualifications and courses provided.


Findings
According to students' self-assessment, the dimensions of "Personal moral attitude," "Food handling attitude," "Education and training attitude" and "Culinary knowledge" were located in the "Keep up the good work" quadrant, meaning that the students think that their surplus food management competence is relatively high and the courses provided are sufficient. Thus, these items have better performance at the present and they hope to maintain the status. However, "Menu analysis" and "Sanitation knowledge" were found to have low importance and low level of performance. Therefore, these two dimensions require attention in the course design and educational training.


Research limitations/implications
The questionnaire responses were self-reported; this study assumed that all participants answered honestly. Future studies may include additional factors in the analysis, such as hospitality management, culinary skills, internship experience and work time that may affect the perceptions of students. Moreover, professional chefs could be surveyed to determine their professional competence and training needs.


Originality/value
The professional training that students receive determines, to a large extent, their performance in their jobs and the resulting stability of their employment. Therefore, improved competence gained through good-quality training can help students meet the demands of the hospitality industry.

Develops a strategic planning framework for long‐range marketing
policy making. Uses this framework to explore the relationship between
marketing orientation and total quality management and extends Kotler′s
model of three types of marketing strategic orientation on the
perspective of total quality management. Uses two group consensus
management techniques (quality function deployment and analytic
hierarchy process) and competitive benchmarking to demonstrate how a
particular company can make a decision on which strategic marketing
orientation to adopt. Furthermore, shows how a company can evaluate
itself relative to its competitors on the basis of strategic marketing
orientation.