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The technical change in telecommunications industry is tremendous, and it is exactly the continuous technological progress in telecommunications that brings sustained prosperity and development of the telecommunications industry. Inthis paper, the interplay between technology, market and government in telecommunicationsis discussed brieflyin the first place, and thenwe introduce technologyand government into the traditional SCP paradigm as essential factorswhich have economic meaningstoconstruct a new industry analysis framework called TGM (SCP). Basedon this framework, we propose thespiral coevolutionmodel of telecommunications industrywhich elaborates on the interaction mechanism between technological innovation, government regulation and market evolution in telecommunications. Our study indicatesthatthe evolution of the telecommunications industry is the result of technological innovation, government regulation and market competition, and among the three, technological innovation is the fundamental driving force. Compared to the "invisible hand"—market and "visible hand" —government, we believe that technology is the "third hand" in telecommunications industry. The policy implications regarding thesefindingsaregiven at the end of this paper.

AbstractPreschool children's sleep was examined as a moderator of the association between negative emotionality and both peer acceptance and peer rejection. Participants were 115 children (47 percent girls, M age = 4.29 years, SD = .63). Preschool teachers reported on children's negative emotionality (anger/frustration, sadness, and fear). Sleep was measured objectively using actigraphy in the child's home for seven consecutive nights. Peer acceptance and rejection were assessed using children's choices in sociometric interviews. Controlling for potential confounds, moderation analyses revealed that negative emotionality predicted peer acceptance and rejection only among children with poorer sleep quality (lower sleep efficiency, more frequent wake episodes, longer sleep latency), but not better sleep quality. Findings suggest that sleep is important not only for predicting child functioning but also for moderating the adverse effects of negative emotionality on a salient indicator of interpersonal functioning for preschool age children.