Suchergebnisse

Abstract
In the recent debate on megaprojects (MPs), greater attention is devoted to the functioning of the interorganizational and multiactor networks that are one of the most innovative features in recent years. The complexity of these structures brings out governability issues for an MP's management. Mutual recognition and consent become elements capable of inaugurating more collaborative processes and practices to reduce organizational and management criticalities in MPs. This paper focuses on a neglected relational dimension, namely legitimacy. We argue that legitimacy is instead the central dimension that attributes effectiveness and capacity for action to the organizations involved. Legitimacy regulates the relationship between various organizations—and especially—between organizations and the public sphere. Institutionalist theory assigns a central role to legitimacy in the construction of social processes, defining it as a generalized form of social acceptance toward an actor, an idea, or a project. In this paper, we hypothesize that the legitimacy attributed and "held" by the stakeholders is a crucial element in countering three critical aspects of MPs, namely the uncertainty, complexity, and conflict acting on the construction of public consensus and the quality of relationships between the participating stakeholders. We verify our hypothesis by analyzing a cross-border MP, the Fehmarnbelt Fixed Link between Germany and Denmark. The paper concentrates on the mechanisms with which stakeholders can acquire legitimacy using the Eriksen discursive legitimation scheme. These mechanisms are different (evidence-based, public participation, and legislators' command) and produce different outcomes in terms of increasing or containing these three criticalities.

A partire dagli anni Duemila nel repertoire delle idee urbanistiche, ha preso piede la cosiddetta "urbanistica tattica", o transitoria, un'iniziativa svolta su terreni non occupati e edifici vuoti che mira a coinvolgere la comunità circostante prima che il sito sia sviluppato. Un aspetto cruciale nelle analisi sull'urbanistica tattica nelle sue forme istituzionalizzate -e quindi nelle public policy- è relativo alla composizione delle arene locali, la rappresentazione dei diversi interessi, le narrative dei diversi attori, e la scelta dei processi negoziali nelle decisioni condivise. Ovvero quali meccanismi di costruzione del consenso all'interno dell'arena degli attori locali siano presenti nell'implementazione di politiche urbane transitorie, che si muovono tra competizione e collaborazione. Questo breve paper esamina queste dinamiche per esplorare natura e prossimità degli interessi degli attori in due casi: i Grands Voisins a Parigi e il Mitreo di Corviale a Roma.

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the mechanisms through which social inequality is produced and reproduced, beginning from an examination of the close interrelationship between the macro level of policy and institutional action and the micro level of activity by a variety of actors.


Design/methodology/approach
Referring specifically to Italy and considering exemplary cases, namely the conditions of esodati and new self-employed workers, this paper seeks to provide a more organic interpretation of the differential effects of specific national policies and imminent shifts in the productive system on the individuals affected by them. To describe the Italian context in an international perspective, at the macro level, the authors analyze this phenomenon using the famous worlds of welfare regime developed by Esping-Andersen and the varieties of capitalism formulated by Hall and Soskice, whereas at the micro level, the authors analyze the dynamic relations between individual and institutional factors that generate inequalities.


Findings
The paper seeks to highlight the complexity of new conditions of marginality, stressing the importance of a comprehensive approach.


Originality/value
So far there have been few attempts in Italy to explore the possibility of implementing the kind of "mixed" social support measures seen in other countries. In a variable way on the basis of specific needs, such measures encompass services and cash benefits as well as income, housing and employment support. This approach might represent a scalable and modular solution that lends itself well to the country's already significant socio-economic segmentation.