Suchergebnisse

Character education is so important that the essentiality is emphasized in families, schools, societies and even nations nowadays. Modern citizens should cultivate basic character education, in which responsibility is a character trait. In addition to situations, good instructional design and the application of proper instructional strategies, different experience operation in sporting activities, learning social behavior by participating in sports, and developing sportsmanship for social life are covered in character education for developing good character. Nonequivalent pretest/posttest control group design is applied in this study to precede quasi-experimental study, with total 112 students in two classes in a university in Fujian Province as the experimental research subjects. An experimental class (56 students) is taught with Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility, and the other control class (56 students) remains traditional teaching. The experimental teaching research is preceded for 32 weeks (3 hours per week for total 96 hours); Sport Education Model is integrated into the instruction in the last 16 weeks, but not the first 16 weeks. The research results are summarized as followings: Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility presents remarkable effects on sense of responsibility; Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility reveals notable effects on exercise self-efficacy; Sport Education Model appears significant effects on sense of responsibility; Sport Education Model presents remarkable effects on exercise self-efficacy; Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility integrated Sport Education Model could best enhance sense of responsibility; Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility integrated Sport Education Model could best promote exercise self-efficacy. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to cultivate good physical fitness of students and enhance the motor skills to achieve the idea of Sport for All as well as to cultivate personal responsibility and teamwork spirit of students.

This paper uses the sample data of financial market, economic prosperity and government debt related indicators from 1997 to 2017 in China, and uses DAG and SVAR models to study the linkage mechanism among macroeconomic variables. The results show that there is a causal relationship between financial market, economic prosperity and government debt, and the former two are the transmitter of volatility factors, the latter is the receiver. In the long run, the impact of global economic and capital market volatility on China's government debt risk is significantly higher than the real estate industry and price level and other domestic factors. Active fiscal policy will make the risk of government debt show a rising trend, it is worth noting that the development of financial markets and economic prosperity can reduce the impact of fiscal policy on the economy, thereby alleviating the risk of government debt.

AbstractPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread contaminants, but few studies have explored the relationship between PFAS and levels of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the population. The available evidence of an association is also conflicting. We selected adults and adolescents with complete PFAS data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2003 and 2018. We analyzed the association between PFAS and MetS using multivariate logistic regression models and evaluated potential nonlinear relationships with restricted cubic spline models. Additionally, we employed weighted quantile sum (WQS) regressions to uncover the multiple exposure effects and relative weights of each PFAS. Finally, we conducted a series of sensitivity analyses to test the robustness of our findings. In this population-based study, we analyzed data from a total of 4,973 adults, aged 20–85 years, and 1,381 adolescents, aged 12–19 years. Using fully adjusted multivariate logistic regression models, we found that serum levels of perfluorodecanoate (PFDA) [0.65 (0.50, 0.85)] and total PFAS [0.92 (0.85, 0.99)] were negatively associated with the prevalence of MetS in adults. Similarly, in adolescents, we observed negative correlations between the prevalence of MetS and levels of PFDA [0.55 (0.38, 0.80)], perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) [0.62 (0.39, 1.00)], perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) [0.59 (0.36, 0.96)], and total PFAS [0.61 (0.37, 0.99)]. Additionally, our study identified statistically significant negative associations between serum levels of PFAS and certain components of MetS, primarily elevated fasting glucose and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Our study found that PFAS was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS in both adults and adolescents, offering new insights into the relationship between PFAS and metabolic health. Interestingly, however, we observed conflicting findings across the components of MetS. Specifically, we observed that PFAS had a negative correlation with some metrics and a positive correlation with others. These conflicting results point to a complex interplay between PFAS and various metrics of metabolic health.

Background:Returning to social life after the lifting of COVID-19 lockdown may increase risk of social anxiety, which is highly co-morbid with depression. However, few studies have reported the association between them.Aims:To explore the complex relationship between social anxiety and depression symptoms in left-behind children after the lifting of the COVID-19 lockdown.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted 6 months after the lockdown removal. A total of 3,107 left-behind children completed the survey with a mean age of 13.33 and a response rate of 87.77%. Depression and social anxiety severity were assessed by the DSM-5 Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents and the DSM-5 Social Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, respectively. The symptom-level association between the two disorders was examined using network analysis.Results:After the lifting of COVID-19 lockdown, the prevalence of depression and social anxiety in left-behind children was 19.57% and 12.36%, respectively, with a co-morbidity rate of 8.98%. Network analysis showed that "Social tension" and "Social avoidance" had the greatest expected influence; "Humiliation" and "Motor" were bridge symptom nodes in the network. The directed acyclic graph indicated that "Social fright" was at the upstream of all symptoms.Conclusion:Attention should be paid to social anxiety symptoms in left-behind children after the lifting of COVID-19 lockdown. Prevention and intervention measures should be taken promptly to reduce the comorbidity of social anxiety and depression symptoms in the left-behind children after the lifting of lockdown.