Microplastics in terrestrial environments: emerging contaminants and major challenges
In: The handbook of environmental chemistry volume 95
Intro -- Series Preface -- Preface -- References -- Contents -- Part I: Analytical Methods of Microplastics in Terrestrial Environments -- Analytical Methods for Microplastics in Environments: Current Advances and Challenges -- 1 Introduction: Overview of Analytical Procedures -- 2 Collection of Environmental Samples -- 2.1 Water Samples -- 2.2 Soil and Sediment Samples -- 2.3 Biological Samples -- 2.4 Atmospheric Samples -- 3 Separation Techniques -- 3.1 Flotation -- 3.2 Filtration -- 3.3 Digestion of the Organic Sample Matrix -- 4 Quantification and Identification of MPs -- 4.1 Morphology Characterization, Quantification, and Classification -- 4.2 Identification of MP Polymer -- 5 Quality Assurance and Quantity Control -- 6 Summary -- References -- Identification and Characterization Methods for Microplastics Basing on Spatial Imaging in Micro-/Nanoscales -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy -- 3 Raman Spectroscopy -- 4 Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) -- 5 Electron Microscope (EM) -- 6 Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) -- 7 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) -- 8 Conclusion and Prospect -- References -- Part II: Source, Fate, Distribution of Microplastics in Terrestrial Environments -- Microplastics in Urban Environments: Sources, Pathways, and Distribution -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Microplastics in Urban Atmosphere -- 2.1 Source and Characteristics of Microplastics in Urban Atmosphere -- 2.2 Fate and Distribution of Airborne MPs -- 3 Microplastics on Ground Surface of Urban Environments -- 4 Microplastics in Aquatic Environments of Urban Areas -- 4.1 Urban Natural Water Body -- 4.2 Municipal Sewage System -- 5 Microplastics in Municipal Solid Waste -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Microplastics in Agricultural Soils -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sampling and Separation of MPs -- 3 Source and Distribution.
