The Need for Culturally Appropriate, Gender-Specific Global HIV Prevention Efforts with Vulnerable Women
In: Journal of prevention & intervention in the community, Band 38, Heft 2, S. 85-88
ISSN: 1540-7330
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In: Journal of prevention & intervention in the community, Band 38, Heft 2, S. 85-88
ISSN: 1540-7330
In: The Journal of sex research, Band 49, Heft 2-3, S. 255-263
ISSN: 1559-8519
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 35, Heft 3, S. 480-497
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 31, Heft 9, S. 1477-1494
ISSN: 0305-750X
World Affairs Online
In: Journal of prevention & intervention in the community, Band 38, Heft 2, S. 132-146
ISSN: 1540-7330
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 31, Heft 9, S. 1477-1494
In: https://doi.org/10.7916/D89K4J35
Climatic variability exerts tremendous influence on the livelihoods and well-being of pastoralists who inhabit the arid and semi-arid lands of the Horn of Africa. Recent advances in climate forecasting technologies have raised the intriguing prospect of reasonably accurate forecasts of coming seasons' rainfall patterns. Several donors and governments in the region are keenly interested in these technologies and in developing forecast delivery channels on the assumption that this information will prove valuable to the vulnerable populations it is meant to help not only indirectly, as an input into top-down early warning systems, but also directly, as a basis for improving choice under uncertainty. We explore the value of such external climate forecast information to pastoralists in a large study area spanning southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya using original data collected using both open-ended qualitative methods to identify and understand indigenous climate forecasting methods and quantitative data collected using survey instruments fielded in two rounds, one before and one after the long rains of 2001. The data show that pastoralists rely heavily on indigenous forecasting methods — in terms of having both access to and confidence in these methods — while external forecasts are less commonly received or believed. We elicited pastoralists' subjective, probabilistic expectations of the coming season's rainfall and find that neither use of nor belief in external forecasts causes any appreciable change in respondents' seasonal rainfall expectations. Moreover, relatively few pastoralists act on their own climate expectations, no matter how formed. In sum, climate forecast information does not seem a limiting factor at present in pastoralist communities in the Horn of Africa, not least of which because of the existence of a vibrant and still-relevant tradition of indigenous forecasting.
BASE
In: Journal of empirical research on human research ethics: JERHRE ; an international journal, Band 12, Heft 4, S. 269-279
ISSN: 1556-2654
In: Children and youth services review: an international multidisciplinary review of the welfare of young people, Band 103, S. 100-106
ISSN: 0190-7409
In: Substance use & misuse: an international interdisciplinary forum, Band 43, Heft 3-4, S. 445-468
ISSN: 1532-2491
In: Journal of drug issues: JDI, Band 41, Heft 2, S. 233-252
ISSN: 1945-1369
South Africa's concurrent epidemics of HIV, substance use, and gender-based violence point to the urgent need for interventions that address the intersectional nature of these issues. A community-based randomized trial assessed the efficacy of an adapted evidence-based Woman-Focused HIV intervention addressing all three issues with sex workers and non-sex workers. At 6-month follow-up, non-sex workers in the Woman-Focused intervention reported significantly lower mean numbers of days drinking alcohol in the previous 30 days, were significantly less likely to meet DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence, were more likely to report using a condom at last sex with a main partner, and were less likely to report sexual abuse by a main partner in the previous 90 days. Sex workers in the Woman-Focused intervention were significantly less likely to report physical abuse by a main partner. The findings suggest that gender-focused interventions can be effective for vulnerable women and should be offered more broadly.