Suchergebnisse

UN Security Council Resolution 242 endorsed the ""inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war"" and called for ""withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from territories occupied"" in the June 1967 war. Since then, a debate has raged over whether these provisions call for a complete Israeli withdrawal, a minor revision of borders, or license for Israel to retain sovereignty over some of the conquered lands. This article argues that the resolution must be read through the lens of international law. A principled legal interpretation clarifies 242's ambiguities on withdrawal and re-establishes the importance of universal rights to a just and durable peace in the Middle East.

In June 2004, the High Court of Israel (HCI) ruled on the ""Beit Sourik"" case in which Palestinian villagers challenged the legality of Israel's separation wall, which had been routed through their villages causing great hardship. This article examines the HCI decision---which upheld the legality of the wall under international law but mandated changes in its route---and the argumentation used. In the process, the article shows how the HCI, despite some disagreements with the state on narrow issues of administrative application, broadly supports the government's policies of occupation, and it explains how the court interprets international law in order to do so. The article also contrasts the HCI's ruling with the nearly simultaneous ruling of the International Court of Justice, highlighting the two courts' very different approaches to international law.

The legal approach in Canada towards the regulation of trade union democracy has sought to balance individual member's rights with respect for the autonomy of unions. While the United States and England have heavily legislated the areas of internal trade union affairs, Canada has enacted relatively few laws in this area. Rather, unions in Canada have enjoyed considerable legal freedom to develop their own democratic practices and culture. The irony of this approach is that it is the Canadian courts, rather than the more experienced and liberal labour relations boards, that are the final legal arbiters over most internal union matters. However, this is slowly changing. Several provinces have recently enacted modest changes that direct their labour boards to hear complaints from union members respecting the fairness of internal hearings. In the absence of extensive statutory regulation, union constitutions and the democratic traditions behind them become significant legal documents. Au Canada, l'approche juridique à l'égard de la réglementation de la démocratie syndicale a consisté à chercher à mettre en équilibre les droits des membres et l'autonomie des syndicats. Les États-Unis et l'Angleterre ont une multitude de lois sur les affaires internes des syndicats, mais le Canada n'a adopté que relativement peu de lois à cet égard. Les syndicats du Canada ont joui d'une liberté juridique considérable dans l'établissement de leurs pratiques et de leur culture démocratiques. L'ironie de cette approche est que ce sont les tribunaux canadiens plutôt que les conseils des relations du travail, plus expérimentés et ayant moins de préjugés, qui sont les arbitres de dernier recours sur la plupart des questions syndicales internes. Toutefois, la situation change peu à peu. Plusieurs provinces ont adopté dernièrement de modestes modifications législatives ordonnant à leurs conseils des relations du travail d'entendre les plaintes de membres de syndicats au sujet de l'équité des audiences internes. En l'absence d'une réglementation étoffée, les statuts des syndicats et les traditions démocratiques qui les sous-tendent deviennent d'importants documents légaux.

Aufzeichnungen über Erlebnisse, Eindrücke und Gespräche des Autors, der 1989 als Menschenrechtbeobachter im Auftrag der UNRWA verschiedene Flüchtlingslager in der Westbank besucht hat. Im Mittelpunkt des Essays steht das Lager Balata bei Nablus. (DÜI-Hns)