Suchergebnisse

The aim of this paper is to analize current Polish regulations in civil procedure from the perspective of effective procedural protection for whistleblowers. In the conducted research, the formal-legal, theoretical-legal as well as comparative legal methods is used. The analysis is conducted on the basis of the regulations of Polish civil procedure, as well as by referring to the regulations of foreign countries (e.g. Irish and British), which could constitute model solutions for the Polish legislator in this regard. The Author proposes the introduction of effective solutions enabling for a quick restitution of the employment relationship, in particular in the form of interim reliefs on the basis of procedural claims guaranteed by the provisions of substantive law (temporary reinstatement, payment of compensation, etc.) and other special regulations in civil procedure on this matter. ; O objectivo deste artigo é analisar a actual regulamentação polaca nos procedimentos civis a respeito de uma protecção processual efectiva para os denunciantes. Na investigação conduzida, são utilizados os métodos formal-legal, teórico-legal, bem como métodos jurídicos comparativos. A análise é conduzida com base nas normas do processo civil polaco, bem como através da referência às normas de países estrangeiros (por exemplo, irlandês e britânico), que poderiam constituir soluções-modelo para o legislador polaco a este respeito. O Autor propõe a introdução de soluções efectivas que permitam uma rápida restituição da relação de trabalho, nomeadamente sob a forma de medidas provisórias com base em pretensões processuais garantidas pelas disposições do direito substantivo (reintegração temporária, pagamento de indemnizações, etc.) e outros regimes especiais em processo civil sobre esta matéria.

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza najważniejszych regulacji postępowania cywilnego w sprawach z zakresu prawa pracy wprowadzonych na mocy nowelizacji w 2019 roku w kontekście formułowanej w doktrynie zasady szybkości tego postępowania.
Autorka omawia źródła wskazanej zasady w prawie międzynarodowym oraz krajowym. Z perspektywy tej zasady analizie poddaje ogólny nowy model postępowania cywilnego oraz, kolejno, najważniejsze zmiany w postępowaniu odrębnym w sprawach z zakresu prawa pracy.

In the article, the Author attempts to identify the most important legal and social factors in Poland that may affect the gender pay gap. The Author analyzes appropriate Polish solutions in this area, especially in the field of wage antidiscrimination and wage transparency. Comparing applied foreign legislation solutions and corporate social responsibility solutions aimed at reducing the wage gap, the Author notices shortcomings in this respect in Polish legislation and proposes de lege ferenda solutions. She also draws attention to the social costs of employing women, which may contribute to their discrimination on the labour market.

In this article the Author analizes the issue of legal character of trade union activists released from work, covered by employers. The Author underlines the latest extension of subjective rights in this matter by Polish legislator to other than an employee persons who perform gainful work. In her opinion the remuneration for work, paid by employers at abovementioned basis may be qualified as work-related benefits of a social (even public) nature. In her opinion the current regulations in this matter are questionable in the light of the principle of the independence of trade unions and the principle of proportionality. ; W ramach artykułu Autorka analizuje kwestię charakteru prawnego wynagrodzeń dla działaczy związkowych zwolnionych z obowiązku świadczenia pracy, których koszty pokrywane są przez pracodawców. Autorka zwraca uwagę na ostatnie rozszerzenie przez polskiego ustawodawcę uprawnień podmiotowych w tym zakresie także na inne niż pracownicy osoby wykonujące pracę zarobkową. Jej zdaniem wypłacane przez pracodawców wynagrodzenia z tych tytułów można kwalifikować jako świadczenia związane z pracą o charakterze społecznym (a nawet publicznym). Aktualne rozwiązania w tym zakresie pozostają zdaniem Autorki wątpliwe w kontekście zasady niezależności związków zawodowych oraz zasady proporcjonalności.

In this article the Author analizes the issue of legal character of trade union activists released from work, covered by employers. The Author underlines the latest extension of subjective rights in this matter by Polish legislator to other than an employee persons who perform gainful work. In her opinion the remuneration for work, paid by employers at abovementioned basis may be qualified as work-related benefits of a social (even public) nature. In her opinion the current regulations in this matter are questionable in the light of the principle of the independence of trade unions and the principle of proportionality. ; W ramach artykułu Autorka analizuje kwestię charakteru prawnego wynagrodzeń dla działaczy związkowych zwolnionych z obowiązku świadczenia pracy, których koszty pokrywane są przez pracodawców. Autorka zwraca uwagę na ostatnie rozszerzenie przez polskiego ustawodawcę uprawnień podmiotowych w tym zakresie także na inne niż pracownicy osoby wykonujące pracę zarobkową. Jej zdaniem wypłacane przez pracodawców wynagrodzenia z tych tytułów można kwalifikować jako świadczenia związane z pracą o charakterze społecznym (a nawet publicznym). Aktualne rozwiązania w tym zakresie pozostają zdaniem Autorki wątpliwe w kontekście zasady niezależności związków zawodowych oraz zasady proporcjonalności.

The employee's remuneration for the period of non-performance of work because of force majeure The paper presents the issue of the employee's right to remuneration for the period of nonperformance of work because of force majeure. The Author analyzes if the employee has the right to receive the remuneration in this case, and if the answer for this question is positive—what its legal nature is (is it a contractual remuneration for work or a social benefit to the employee within the employment relationship). The Author underlines the lack of clear regulations in these matters in Polish law, with the exception of the specific regulations concerning the periods of interruption caused by adverse weather conditions.

In the Resolution of the seven-judge panel of 11 December 2019, Ref. No. III UZP 7/19, the Supreme Court judged that the pension authority may choose the contribution payer to be an entity obliged to return the benefit unduly received by the insured, completely ignoring the issue of possible negligence of the payer and the possibility of reimbursement claim for benefits from the person to whom they were paid. The Supreme Court held that the mere sending of payment data by the payer is a sufficient prerequisite for the reimbursement request. Thus, the Supreme Court resolved a dispute between two competing trends in case law on this issue. In the Authors' opinion, the commented resolution may in practice result in many negative implications for contribution payers, who often have no influence on the data provided to the pension authority. Such a restrictive view also raises doubts of constitutional nature.