Suchergebnisse

O propósito deste artigo é o de introduzir e publicar uma informação sobre os negócios da erva mate nas partes meridionais da província de São Paulo (no atual Paraná) durante os anos 1830. O texto foi escrito por Joaquim José Pinto Bandeira por demanda do Ministério do Império transmitida pela presidência da província. Ao levar em conta aspectos da trajetória do negociante Bandeira, ganham-se relances sobre as conexões daqueles negócios com as outras atividades econômicas efetivadas nos campos de Curitiba, assim como com as características políticas e sociais da região. As atitudes do autor do relato a respeito dos índios são particularmente reveladoras.

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Este artigo discorre sobre o bilinguismo dos surdos no contexto educacional, considerando a relação entre a Libras (L1) e o português (escrito) como L2. Adotando a hipótese da Gramática Universal (Chomsky, [1995]/1999), investigamos a interferência da L1 nos estágios da interlíngua, especificamente na aquisição do sistema pronominal e dos tipos de verbos, particularmente os verbos espaciais. As propriedades divergentes em relação à língua alvo são analisadas como transferência de propriedades da L1 e efeito da diferença de modalidade entre as línguas. Concluímos que a identificação dessas propriedades propicia pautar o trabalho pedagógico em princípios e resultados científicos.

Analisa a inclusão escolar de deficientes intelectuais na perspectiva da Teoria Histórico- Cultural (THC). Defendida por L.S. Vygotski e seus colaboradores, esta teoria baseia-se na lei geral do desenvolvimento cultural, em dois níveis – primeiramente, interpessoal e depois intrapessoal. O pensador bielo-russo, porém, acentua que somente por via das relações sociais carregadas de significações, surge o desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores ou culturais mediadas pelo outro, por meio da linguagem, signo por excelência. Isto é, a essência do desenvolvimento cultural consiste na apropriação e no domínio do social. O objetivo deste artigo é abordar a deficiência intelectual à luz da perspectiva da THC. Foi utilizada, exclusivamente, a pesquisa bibliográfica, sendo os principais autores mencionados Lev Semenovitch Vygotski (1997) e Ana Maria Nurdi Padilha (2014). O texto focaliza quatro tópicos: 1- Mudança da nomenclatura de deficiência mental para deficiência intelectual; 2- Inclusão escolar/exclusão; 3- Teoria Histórico-Cultural; e 4Inclusão de deficientes intelectuais na perspectiva Histórico-Cultural, com vistas a fomentar o debate da inclusão escolar de deficientes intelectuais não apenas como produto de condições orgânicas, contudo, culturais e sociais.

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The anti-racist struggle in Brazil has experienced an endless dispute among narratives, confronting obsta-cles in the legal field impeding its implementation and effectiveness. The entire dispute interferes with the country's ability to solidify the Right to Equality stated in the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Brazil. With the aim of contributing to the debate on the matter of the effectiveness of the anti-racist struggle, this article provides reflections on its paths and setbacks in the legislative sphere, its application in the courts, and the perpetuation of racist practices in the building of the collective conscience by means of the media and social practices by way of "humor".

Machado-Joseph Disease (MJD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder of adult onset, associated with the expansion of a (CAG)n tract in the coding region of the causative gene, localized on 14q32.1. Machado-Joseph Disease shows non-Mendelian features typical of other triplet repeat disorders, including clinical heterogeneity, variable age at onset and anticipation. Three phenotypes have been proposed (clinical types 1, 2 and 3). Type 1 is associated with early age at onset and a high repeat number of the CAG sequence, and Types 2 and 3 have later onset and lower numbers of CAG repeats. This paper investigates whether there is selection against the MJD gene, acting through differential survival, nuptiality and fertility associated with clinical type and age at onset. The study sample comprised 40 MJD patients from the Azores (Portugal) having fully documented reproductive histories and known dates of death. The proportion of married patients of each clinical type increased from 0·22 among Type 1 patients, to 0·40 in Type 2 and 0·95 in Type 3. Age at onset and length of survival were also associated with marital status, with the married cases having later mean age at onset and longer mean survival time. In the whole sample, clinical type was associated with fertility, with significantly fewer children born to Type 1 patients. Among married patients clinical type was not associated with age at marriage, reproductive span or number of children. No reduction of fertility was detected among married patients in whom the onset of MJD was below the age of 50. The authors' interpretation of these results is that the high-repeat CAG haplotypes associated with early age at onset and clinical Type 1 are selected against through reduced survival and fertility. The fertility component of selection is mediated by nuptiality rather than marital fertility.

Cognitive manufacturing utilizes cognitive computing, the industrial Internet of things (IoT), and advanced analytics to upgrade manufacturing processes in manners that were not previously conceivable. It enables associations to improve major business measurements, for example, productivity, product reliability, quality, and safety, while decreasing downtime and lowering costs. Considering all the facts that can prejudice the manufacturing performance in Industry 4.0, the cognitive load has received more attention, since it was previously neglected with respect to manufacturing industries. This paper aims to investigate what causes cognitive load reduction in manufacturing environments, i.e., human–computer interaction technologies that reduce the identified causes and the applications of cognitive manufacturing that use the referred technologies. Thus, a conceptual framework that links cognitive manufacturing to a reduction of the cognitive load was developed. ; This research was funded by the project 026653|POCI-01-0247-FEDER-026653—INDTECH—New technologies for smart manufacturing, co-financed by the Portugal 2020 Program (PT 2020), Compete 2020 Program, and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The authors wish to thank the relevant bodies for the opportunity and financial support that permitted carrying out this project: Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and C-MAST (Center for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies), under project UIDB/00151/2020. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Esto editorial del vol. 5, núm. 9 de PatryTer – Revista Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Geografía y Humanidades cumple el objetivo de problematizar el juego que involucra la supervivencia de las revistas científicas, en el mundo donde el conocimiento se califica, sobre todo, por parámetros formales, monetarios y cada vez más rígidos. El panorama sintetizado aquí servirá de marco para recordar la filosofía de PatryTer. Además, vamos a justificar el homenaje que este número hace al geógrafo brasileño Carlos Augusto Figueiredo Monteiro, de la Universidad de Sao Paulo.

The way business run has changed in recent decades due to technology advancement, and it has become more explicit in many parts of the world that companies have been moving from stand-alone technology exploitation towards holistically integrated technology exploitation. Thailand's government has also foreseen the need for change from a production-based economy to a value-based economy and has encouraged the Thai industry to focus more on producing innovative products and services which require high potential and skilled knowledge workers. Consequently, their roles will never be the same. This paper presents findings on the expected roles of graduates with a Master degree in Industrial Engineering (MSIE) drawn from an industry survey on industry needs to attain Industry 4.0 conducted with companies based in Thailand and in three European countries participating in Erasmus+ Capacity Building in Higher Education project on Curriculum Development of Master's Degree Program in Industrial Engineering for Thailand Sustainable Smart Industry (MSIE 4.0). From the survey results, top-three technologies for being competitive and areas of applications to attain industry 4.0 in the companies' perspective were identified. Roles of MSIE graduates were determined for individual potential applications generated from identified technology-application relationships. According to the findings, the graduates are expected in general to play an important role in effective utilization of big data and real-time data for better decision making on various industrial practical problems as well as for better responsiveness to customers. The same procedure can be applied in other disciplines for identifying the roles of their graduates. ; This work is the outcome of project "Curriculum Development of Master's Degree Program in Industrial Engineering for Thailand Sustainable Smart Industry (MSIE 4.0)" that has been funded with support from the European Commission (Project Number: 586137-EPP-1-2017-1-TH-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP). This publication ...

<i>Objective:</i> Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) reaches its highest prevalence world-wide in the Azores, thus constituting a public health problem in these islands. The aim of the study was thus to (1) determine the level of knowledge about the disease; (2) estimate the expected level of request for predictive testing, and (3) analyse the intentions of at-risk individuals concerning their reproductive decisions. <i>Methods:</i> A questionnaire on these points was distributed to 42 affected and 36 at-risk individuals. <i>Results:</i> As expected, the educational level of the respondents was significantly associated with the level of knowledge about the disease. The survey indicated that 83.3% of the at-risk individuals would make use of a predictive test and that 77.8% would make use of prenatal diagnosis. Of the latter, 36.1% would terminate the pregnancy if confronted with a positive result for the fetus. <i>Conclusions:</i> The level of knowledge about MJD in the Azorean families is considered to be fair. Although the actual behavior can prove to be different from the intentions put forward by at-risk individuals based solely on the results of this study we can estimate that the request for a predictive test would be quite high. The intentions expressed by at-risk individuals seem to indicate that the prenatal diagnosis will have an effect on their reproductive decisions. Results obtained certify the importance of implementing genetic testing for MJD in the Azores.