Suchergebnisse

ABSTRACT  In this review essay, I explore today's protest anthropology, the high‐stakes domain of professional and political practice in which anthropologists are not just aligned with protest movements, revolts, and uprisings but are also full‐fledged participants in them. Focusing on examples from the Occupy Movement, I discuss the promises and perils of taking a protest stance. I argue that, despite the risks, protest anthropology has the power to unsettle many of the current‐day knowledge‐producing practices in the discipline.

Concludes this edited volume of ethnographically based studies on poverty & inequality that encourage a more politically engaged poverty scholarship freed from the corporate & political neoliberal influence & open to activist agendas of the poor. Poverty research can expose & overcome the political demobilization of the poor. The poor are the victims of economic restructuring & state-based institutional power. The neoliberal market ideology labels the poor in terms of production, categorizing those who cannot produce as undeserving while ignoring race, class, & morality issues. In emphasizing the pragmatics of prosperity, neoliberalism avoids division & vilification while disarming the few protections the poor have possessed. Currently, as scholars apply alternative perspectives to the market model & exercise concerns for social & economic justice, their viewpoints are marginalized & findings are ignored -- parallel to the forced invisibility of the poor. A research agenda that contributes to the grassroots efforts of the poor is needed. L. A. Hoffman

▪ Abstract  Anthropological research on welfare restructuring differs from most poverty research conducted by U.S. policy analysts and many other social scientists by its situating the study of welfare "reform" within an examination of the production of poverty and inequality at the center of the global system of advanced capitalism. In this review we examine urban poverty and welfare-state restructuring in relation to the ascent of neoliberalism, including the rise of market-oriented assumptions about social value, productivity, and investment that dominate civic life and public policy. We focus primarily, though not exclusively, on the United States. After a brief review of four theoretical frameworks that inform ethnographic research on welfare, we explore five approaches or themes in anthropological studies of welfare restructuring in the United States: (a) the ethnographic challenge to claims of policy success by documenting an unfolding crisis in social reproduction for the poor; (b) deconstructing the hegemonic discourse on welfare restructuring and juxtaposing it with the lived realities of impoverished households; (c) contesting and moving beyond the behaviorism of mainstream poverty research; (d) exploring the multiple perspectives of those differently situated within the welfare-state apparatus; and (e) theorizing the relationship between welfare restructuring and an eroding social citizenship of the poor. The analysis of gender, race, and, to a lesser extent, class is central to ethnographic research on welfare-state restructuring.

The introduction to this edited volume explains the growing social & political disorder associated with poverty as the result of economic polarization, political demobilization, & market triumphalism. Issues of poverty at the beginning of the 21st century have disappeared from popular & political commentary, leaving the poor invisible at the same time that the gap between the rich & poor, in the US & throughout the world, has become wider than ever before. The essays in this collection discuss poverty as a function of power, rather than as the result of passive, pathological, & morally corrupt behaviors of individuals or groups, & they explore the individual & collective responses of those in poverty to the economic restructuring & state deregulation of business practices. The poor are studied as a heterogeneous population living in diverse circumstances & responding in often-contradictory ways to the social challenges of neoliberalism. L. A. Hoffman

Populism and its others : after neoliberalism / Don Robotham -- Americanism, Trump, and uniting the white right / Sophie Bjork-James -- Make in India : Hindu nationalism, global capital, and "jobless growth" / Preeti Sampat -- Blue bloods, parvenus, and mercenaries : authoritarianism and political violence in Colombia / Lesley Gill -- Frustrations, failures and fractures : Brexit and 'politics as usual' in the UK / John Clarke -- Postsocialist populisms? / Gerald Creed and Mary N. Taylor -- Fascism, a haunting : spectral politics and resistance in twenty-first-century Italy / Lilith Mahmud -- Other people's race problem : Trumpism and the collapse of the liberal racial consensus in the United States / Jeff Maskovsky -- Euphemisms we die by : on epochal anxiety, necropolitics, and "green" authoritarianism in the Philippines / Noah Theriault -- Left populism in the heart of South America : from plurinational promise to a renewed extractive nationalism / Carwil Bjork-James -- "Fed Up" in Ethiopia : emotions, civics education and anti-authoritarian protest / Jennifer Riggan -- Islamophobic nationalism and attitudinal Islamophilia / Nazia Kazi.