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The accelerated urbanization process in China has caused a shift in the urban land use structure. The Chinese government has issued 'the National New-type Urbanization Plan' focusing on the rational use of resources, which is of great significance for the intensification and sustainability of land use. In promoting the construction of the new-type urbanization (N-TU), enhancing the urban land use efficiency (ULUE) is crucial to regional coordinated development. This study uses panel data from 2011 to 2020 for 11 provinces (cities) in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) and adopts the super efficiency (SE) slacks-based measure (SBM) model with undesirable outputs and the entropy weight method to calculate the ULUE and N-TU levels. The study uses the System generalized method of moment (Sys-GMM) to study the N-TU's impact on the ULUE empirically. The results indicate: (i) the overall trend of new-type urbanization level is gradually increasing and has the characteristics of uneven spatial distribution between provinces. (ii) The ULUE shows a fluctuating upward trend during the studied period. (iii) The N-TU and its subsystems have significant positive effects on the ULUE. Overall, this study aims to explore the relationship between the N-TU and ULUE enriching the theoretical analysis and empirical research in related fields, thus helping decision makers in the assessment and design of policy recommendations.

Monitoring the extent of plateau forests has drawn much attention from governments given the fact that the plateau forests play a key role in global carbon circulation. Despite the recent advances in the remote-sensing applications of satellite imagery over large regions, accurate mapping of plateau forest remains challenging due to limited ground truth information and high uncertainties in their spatial distribution. In this paper, we aim to generate a better segmentation map for plateau forests using high-resolution satellite imagery with limited ground-truth data. We present the first 2 m spatial resolution large-scale plateau forest dataset of Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve, including 38,708 plateau forest imagery samples and 1187 handmade accurate plateau forest ground truth masks. We then propose an few-shot learning method for mapping plateau forests. The proposed method is conducted in two stages, including unsupervised feature extraction by leveraging domain knowledge, and model fine-tuning using limited ground truth data. The proposed few-shot learning method reached an F1-score of 84.23%, and outperformed the state-of-the-art object segmentation methods. The result proves the proposed few-shot learning model could help large-scale plateau forest monitoring. The dataset proposed in this paper will soon be available online for the public.

This article provided a historical background of the challenges faced in the course of Islamic education of Chinese Muslims in the context of social change. The researcher historically evaluated how social change reshaped the Islamic education of Chinese Muslims, and highlighted the influence of technical developmentonIslamic education in contemporary China. The available research indicated thatsince the 1980s, the challenges faced in the course of Islamic education of Chinese Muslims have gradually shifted from political repercussions to technological development. Due to the limited literature, the researcher called for more research on new media development, especially social mediaand Muslim minority groups in China. The researcher also proposed a research agenda for future studies.

Abstract. Understanding city residents' collective geotagged behaviors (CGTBs) in
response to hazards and emergency events is important in disaster
mitigation and emergency response. It is a challenge, if not impossible, to
directly observe CGTBs during a real-time matter. This study used the number
of location requests (NLR) data generated by smartphone users for a variety
of purposes such as map navigation, car hailing, and food delivery to
infer the dynamics of CGTBs in response to rainstorms in eight Chinese cities. We examined rainstorms, flooding, and NLR anomalies, as well as the
associations among them, in eight selected cities across mainland China.
The time series NLR clearly reflects cities' general diurnal rhythm, and the
total NLR is moderately correlated with the total city population. Anomalies
of the NLR were identified at both the city and grid scale using the Seasonal Hybrid Extreme Studentized Deviate (S-H-ESD) method. Analysis results demonstrated that the NLR anomalies at the city and
grid levels are well associated with rainstorms, indicating that city residents
request more location-based services (e.g., map navigation, car hailing, food delivery, etc.) when there is a rainstorm. However, the sensitivity of the city residents' collective geotagged behaviors in response to rainstorms varies in different cities as shown by different peak rainfall intensity
thresholds. Significant high peak rainfall intensity tends to trigger city
flooding, which leads to increased location-based requests as shown by
positive anomalies in the time series NLR.

Grounded in ecological frameworks, this study examines (a) the extent to which Latinx adolescents' perceptions of peer ethnic discrimination were associated with their participation in organized after-school activities, activity type, and ethnic composition; (b) different patterns of perceived peer ethnic discrimination; and (c) associations between discrimination patterns with key activity experiences including psychological engagement, perceived peer support, perceived leader support, and positive feelings in the activities. Using a pattern-centered approach, we applied latent profile analysis to analyze the data from 204 Latinx adolescents (53% female, M age = 12.40) in Southwest United States. Latinx adolescents who did not participate in organized after-school activities perceived higher peer ethnic discrimination than Latinx adolescents who participated. Latinx adolescents who were the numerical ethnic majority in activities reported lower discrimination than those who were the numerical minority. Among those who participated, 4 patterns of peer ethnic discrimination Latinx adolescents experienced in activities were identified. These profiles included moderate discrimination (4%), minimal discrimination (21%), no discrimination (64%), and somewhat negative beliefs (11%), which were differentially related to adolescents' activity outcomes. Adolescents in the no discrimination group reported the most positive activity outcomes and those in the moderate discrimination group reported the most negative activity experiences. Adolescents who experienced little discrimination but felt other peers held negative beliefs about their ethnicity reported significantly lower psychological engagement and peer support than the no discrimination group. These findings highlight the importance of examining adolescents' varying patterns of perceived ethnic discrimination in activities and provides ways that activity practitioners can optimize organized activity settings for Latinx adolescents.

Abstract. Disaster-relevant authorities could make uninformed decisions due to the lack of a clear picture of urban
resilience to adverse natural events. Previous studies have seldom examined the
near-real-time human dynamics, which are critical to disaster emergency
response and mitigation, in response to the development and evolution of
mild and frequent rainfall events. In this study, we used the aggregated
Tencent location request (TLR) data to examine the variations in collective
human activities in response to rainfall in 346 cities in China. Then two
resilience metrics, rainfall threshold and response sensitivity, were
introduced to report a comprehensive study of the urban resilience to
rainfall across mainland China. Our results show that, on average, a
1 mm increase in rainfall intensity is associated with a 0.49 % increase
in human activity anomalies. In the cities of northwestern and
southeastern China, human activity anomalies are affected more by rainfall
intensity and rainfall duration, respectively. Our results highlight the
unequal urban resilience to rainfall across China, showing current heavy-rain-warning standards underestimate the impacts of heavy rains on residents in the northwestern arid region and the central underdeveloped areas
and overestimate impacts on residents in the southeastern coastal
area. An overhaul of current heavy-rain-alert standards is therefore needed
to better serve the residents in our study area.