Suchergebnisse

Purpose
In spite of the recognised significance of habitual entrepreneurship, enough is not known about the drivers that lead individuals to become habitual entrepreneurs. Drawing from Lazear's theory of entrepreneurship, this paper addresses the specifics of habitual entrepreneurs in terms of different human capital-related factors, including breadth and diversity of experience and education. This paper aims to elucidate what makes some people habitual entrepreneurs.


Design/methodology/approach
In this empirical study on a broad data set (1,538 surveys), the authors juxtapose habitual entrepreneurs with ex-entrepreneurs who decided to give up and chose a salary job after running their first and only firm. The authors formulate four hypotheses that are tested by using a logit regression to model the probability of being a habitual entrepreneur vs giving up entrepreneurship and choosing a salary job.


Findings
The probability of being a habitual entrepreneur increases with the diversity of both managerial and professional experience, as well as with the breadth of education. In addition, entrepreneurial self-efficacy supports setting up more than one firm.


Practical implications
The findings actualise knowledge of whether habitual entrepreneurs are unique concerning their pools of human capital. They broaden the knowledge of the backgrounds of the decision to start up a business again.


Originality/value
This paper contributes to the current entrepreneurship discussion by offering an enhanced understanding of habitual entrepreneurship. The phenomenon of repeatedly engaging in entrepreneurship is a promising source of knowledge that enables us to better understand entrepreneurship. In addition, the authors verify and extend Lazear's theory to a new group of entrepreneurs.

In this article, we apply a proportional hazard model to analyze the determinants of success in a large sample of 1,656 entrepreneurs and former entrepreneurs. We base our research on the theory of entrepreneurship by Edward Lazear, according to which individuals with broad educational and professional experience, in comparison to specialists, are more likely to become entrepreneurs. We extend this theory by verifying whether breadth of education and professional career also contribute to the likelihood of entrepreneurial success. According to our findings, breadth of education not only influences the propensity to start a business but also positively influences the chances of business survival. The breadth of professional experience proved to have a significant impact on business survival, but this result did not hold for extensive managerial experience. JEL CLASSIFICATION: L26, J24.

Researchers of urban mobility patterns and residential preferences of urban dwellers increasingly inquire whether these processes are universal or place-specific. It is also interesting in the context of processes taking place in post-industrial and post-socialist cities, considering their rapid demographic and spatial transformations (e.g. the process of shrinkage, which is simultaneous with the process of suburbanization). In turn, in the context of housing mechanisms, it is interesting how much the urban life cycle coincides with the life cycle of its households. To address this question, we conducted a study based on an extensive stated preferences survey (N = 1113) from Poland's third-largest city – Lodz. It allowed us to statistically elaborate on the determinants of the preference to move from an existing home to a new location and to what extent the physical and social environment of the properties, defined through the lenses of urban amenities, affects such decisions. We found that 56% of respondents declared that they would prefer to live in a different neighbourhood than the ones they currently live. In line with the household's life cycle model, age was the main driving factor, while urban amenities played a minor role in determining location preferences. The youngest age group preferred to live in the city centre, while late-middle age groups preferred to move to the suburbs. Also, people living in single-family houses strongly preferred to stay in their current location, compared to those inhabiting all other types of buildings.

The aim of the article is to analyse the impact of expansionary fiscal policy, involving an overall increase in government expenditure, on the condition of the natural environment and, more specifically, on air pollution. The analysis is based on the Real Business Cycle (RBC) model. The results of the simulations indicate that expansionary fiscal policy, contributing to GDP growth, also results in deterioration of air quality. The analysis also shows that in the longer term, the main mechanism by which this policy affects the level of air pollution emission is the accumulation of public capital. Therefore, in order to minimise the negative effects of fiscal expansion on the environment, it is particularly important to invest in pro-ecological public investments.

The forecast method created for a long-term forecasting annual variables on the basis of short-term series was presented in the article. The method connects the weighted average and linear trend. In the empirical part, the forecast of employment rates as well as the comparison of their forecast characteristics with the ARIMA model by the Diebold-Mariano test were presented. The long-term prediction significantly exceeding the length of the time series (being the base of parameter estimations) allowed to assess the efficiency of the created tool. The method allows to forecast future values relatively successfully.