This research aims to analyze on a measuring instrument for peace in Indonesia, not only measure conflict resolution but also the prevention of conflict. Measuring instrument that will be created is intended to make the Indonesia Peace Index as analytical framework of conflict and peace, especially in Indonesia. Research design using qualitative descriptive study approach. The results of this study indicate that the DKI Jakarta and Papua is a region with the highest intensity conflict. Moreover, the conflict is the dominant social conflict with the highest actors as perpetrators of conflict is the public, this is due to structural factors are still frequently occur and not be solved completely by the government.
Abstrak - Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan yang terbesar di dunia dengan luas lautan mencapai 5,8 juta KM2. Kondisi seperti ini dapat memberikan peluang juga ancaman dalam bidang keamanan maritim. Keterbatasan armada dari instansi penegak hukum laut juga menjadi permasalahan yang tak kunjung usai. Untuk menanggulangi ancaman-ancaman keamanan maritim di wilayah laut Indonesia, maka dibutuhkan sea power yang kuat dan mumpuni. Sea power bukan hanya dilaksanakan oleh Angkatan Laut dan instansi penegak hukum laut saja tetapi juga melibatkan peran masyarakat pesisir dalam hal ini nelayan. Penggunaan sipil sebagai komponen pendukung militer di laut sudah ada sejak abad pertengahan, mereka dikenal sebagai perompak dan korsario. Saat ini Tiongkok juga melibatkan nelayan beserta kapal penangkapan ikannya untuk ikut menjaga kepentingan Tiongkok di laut yang disebut sebagai Milisi Maritim China. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa implementasi bagi Satuan Armada Nelayan dan peran Satuan Armada Nelayan dalam hal pencegahan ancaman keamanan maritim. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang akan digunakan yaitu sumber data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, pertama Satuan Armada Nelayan dalam mencegah ancaman keamanan maritim dapat dimplementasikan melalui sinergitas dan kolaborasi antara Kelompok Masyarakat Pengawas (POKMASWAS) bentukan Pengawas Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan KKP dan Pembinaan Desa Pesisir (BINDESIR) bentukan Dinas Potensi Maritim TNI AL; kedua, Pokmaswas lebih menitik beratkan pada pencegahan ancaman keamanan maritim di bidang sumberdaya kelautan, sementara nelayan yang telah dibina oleh TNI AL (Bindesir) meliputi ancaman di bidang kelautan dan perikanan dan ancaman lain seperti pencurian, perampokan dan penyelundupan barang-barang illegal.Kata Kunci : Nelayan, Pokmaswas, Bindesir, Ancaman Keamanan MaritimAbstract - Indonesia is the biggest archipelagic state with sea area reaching 5.8 million KM2. This condition gives both opportunities and threats. Limitations of fleet from the law enforcement bodies has also become unresolved problem. To tackle down maritime security threats, strong and capable sea power is required. Sea power is not only executed by navy and maritime law enforcement bodies, but also involves fishermen. The idea of using civilians as military supporting component on the sea has been there since middle ages, they were known as pirates or korsario. Today, China has also been involving their fishermen as well as their fishing vessels to maintain China's interests on the sea, they are called as Chinese Maritime Militia. This research aims to analyze the suitable implementation for Satuan Armada Nelayan (Fishermen Fleet Unit) and its role in preventing maritime security threats. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. There are two types of data sources which are primary and secondary data sources. The result of this research shows that, First Fishermen Fleet Unit can be implemented through sinergy and collaboration of Kelompok Masyarakat Pengawas (POKMASWAS) which is formed by Pengawas Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan and Pembinaan Desa Pesisir (BINDESIR) by Dinas Potensi Maritim under Indonesian Navy; second, POKMASWAS emphasizes on the prevention of maritime security threats in marine resources, while the fishermen who has been coached by Indonesian navy (BINDESIR) covers the prevention of maritime security threats in marine resources and other threats such as looting, robberies, or illegal smuggling. Keywords: Fishermen, POKMASWAS, BINDESIR, Maritime Security Threats
Abstrak - Indonesia memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menjaga kedaulatan bangsa dan negara dari segala ancaman asing yang ingin merusak tatanan kehidupan NKRI, salah satu cara yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia adalah melakukan kontra propaganda atas propaganda yang dilakukan oleh OPM. Propaganda yang dilakukan oleh OPM mencakup empat isu-isu non-tradisional, yaitu HAM, Demokrasi, Kerusakan Lingkungan, dan Kesamaan Ras dan Latar Belakang. Isu-isu tersebut dilakukan melalui 3 jalur, yaitu media online, diskusi dan kampanye politik, dan pendekatan secara personal ke tokoh-tokoh strategis di MSG. Strategi yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia ini bertujuan untuk mengurai persoalan dalam strategi kontra propaganda serta bagaimana pemerintah Indoensia memelihara hubungan diplomatik dengan negara-negara anggota MSG. Metode yang digunakan ialah metodologi kualitatif deskriptif analitik, kemudian teori yang digunakan ialah teori strategi dan teori diplomasi publik. Hasil Penelitian menemukan bahwa Pemerintah Indonesia telah melakukan beberapa langkah konkrit. Ada 3 langkah yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia, yaitu menguatkan pembinaan teritorial oleh TNI AD di Papua, meng-counter isu-isu yang dipropagandakan oleh OPM melalui dukungan tekhnologi dan informasi, dan melalui jalur diplomasi. Upaya pemerintah Indonesia melakukan diplomasi terhadap negara-negara MSG, terutama Republik Vanuatu, dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan diplomasi total. Dalam prakteknya Pemerintah Indonesia telah melakukan 4 upaya diplomasi, antara lain diplomasi bilateral, diplomasi budaya, diplomasi ekonomi kemaritiman, dan Bali Democracy Forum. Meskipun demikian, strategi Pemerintah Indonesia masih belum berhasil dikarenakan Indonesia minim menggunakan non-state actor sebagai bagian garda terdepan dalam melakukan kontra-propaganda.Kata Kunci : Strategi, Kontra Propaganda, OPM, MSG Abstract – Indonesia has a responsibility to safeguard the sovereignty of the nation and state from all foreign threats that want to undermine the order of life of the Republic of Indonesia, one way that the Indonesian government does is counter propaganda for the propaganda carried out by the OPM. Propaganda carried out by the OPM includes four non-traditional issues, namely Human Rights, Democracy, Environmental Damage, and Racial Similarities and Background. These issues are carried out through 3 paths, namely online media, political discussions and campaigns, and a personal approach to strategic figures at the MSG. Indonesia has a responsibility to safeguard the sovereignty of the nation and state from all foreign threats that want to undermine the order of life of the Republic of Indonesia, one way that the Indonesian government does is counter propaganda for the propaganda carried out by the OPM. Indonesian Government strategy aims to unravel the problem in counter-propaganda and how the Indonesian Government's strategy in dealing with Propagada OPM towards MSG. This study uses descriptive analytical qualitative methodology, with data sources from interviews and literature. In analyzing, using strategy theory and public diplomacy theory as an analytical knife. The results of this study found that the Indonesian Government had taken several concrete steps. There are 3 steps taken by the Government of Indonesia, namely strengthening the defense posture in Papua, counteracting the issues propagated by OPM through technology and information support, and through diplomatic channels. The efforts of the Indonesian government to conduct diplomacy towards the MSG countries, especially the Republic of Vanuatu, were carried out using a total diplomacy approach. In practice the Indonesian Government has carried out 4 diplomatic efforts, including bilateral diplomacy, cultural diplomacy, maritime economic diplomacy, and the Bali Democracy Forum. Nevertheless, the Indonesian Government's strategy is still not successful because Indonesia has minimal use of non-state actors as part of the front guard in counter-propaganda.Key Words: Strategy, Counter-Propaganda, OPM, MSG
The purpose of this study to analyze the strategy of the political power of ethnicity, political objectives ethnicity, and the US response to the political power of ethnicity East Asia (Japan, South Korea and China). This type of qualitative research, data collection techniques interviews, and literature, and data using the analytical techniques and models Miles Hubberman. The findings of this study the map of the political power of ethnicity in East Asia they are all on the Natives. Japan's defense system was originally "Self Defense" to "Collective Self Defence", South Korea's defense system shifts from "Defense Ambrella" into the system "Extended Nuclear Deterrence"; China shifted from "Continental Defense" to "Opensive Defense". Political objectives etnisistas East Asia (Japan, South Korea and China) to realize "Bonum Publicum". US response to the political power of ethnicity in East Asia are routed through the strength of the economic, political, military and East Asia (Japan, South Korea and China), using a system of "persuading, the protection system and pressing system. However, in the light of "persuasion", "protection" and "pressure" varies between countries. Map of the political power of ethnicity in East Asia "base on power" Yamato indigenous groups, Hangukin, and Chung Hua.
