Suchergebnisse

Hedges stand at the crossroads of modernization and greening agricultural policies. In France, hedges were massively destroyed after World War II. Since the 1970s, they are gradually being protected by local policies and replanting programs. The aim of this PhD is to study their juridical requalification by the Common Agricultural Policy's cross compliance system. Since 2015, the "good agricultural and environmental condition n°7" (GAEC7) prohibits farmers from destroying their hedges. The inquiry is a monograph of this "dispositif" (a French sociological concept which means both "assemblage" and "device") based on a multi-sited ethnography that probes three groups of actors: administrative authorities, farmers, and associations. The interviews, observations, questionnaires, and archives that are analyzed concern the 2014-2019 period. The work contains five chapters. The first one engages in a literature review in the social sciences to highlight the specificities of the "dispositif" (which is both national and mandatory). The second chapter shows that the hedge's juridical requalification was a hurried compromise. The third chapter describes the vast digital means needed to identify hedges in an information infrastructure. The fourth chapter documents how farmers' criticisms of the administration use the red tape engendered by the hedge requalification programs to support their position. The last chapter concludes that the monitoring systems are flawed, and proposes to consider the hedge programs as a "spectral greening". Nonetheless, it shows that ecological requalification can be successfully accomplished by local agroforester advisers who act as "agroecological diplomats" between the farmers and the administration. ; Massivement détruites au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale puis progressivement réhabilitées par des programmes de replantation à partir des années 1970, les haies sont à l'exacte pliure des politiques de modernisation et des politiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture. L'objectif de la thèse est d'étudier leur requalification juridique dans le cadre de la « bonne condition agricole et environnementale n°7 » (BCAE7) qui oblige depuis 2015 tout agriculteur bénéficiaire des aides de la Politique agricole commune à maintenir les haies présentes sur son exploitation. L'enquête est une monographie de dispositif qui repose sur une ethnographie multisituée auprès de trois groupes d'acteurs en France : les autorités administratives, les agriculteurs et les acteurs associatifs. Les entretiens, observations, questionnaires et archives analysés portent sur la période 2014-2019. Il en résulte cinq chapitres. Le premier fait apparaître les spécificités du dispositif étudié (national et obligatoire) à partir d'une revue de la littérature en sciences sociales. Le deuxième chapitre établit que la requalification juridique des haies s'est faite au moyen d'un compromis négocié en urgence entre des groupes d'acteurs. Le troisième chapitre détaille les rouages et les conséquences de l'immense « chantier » informatique durant lequel les haies ont été numérisées dans une infrastructure informationnelle. Le quatrième chapitre documente les manières dont les critiques de l'administration par les agriculteurs prennent appui sur le travail administratif engendré par la requalification administrative des haies. Le dernier chapitre conclut à la faiblesse des contrôles de l'administration, éclairée par le concept d'écologisation spectrale, et montre que la requalification écologique peut cependant être opérée localement par des conseillers agroforestiers, lesquels jouent le rôle de diplomates agroécologiques entre les agriculteurs et l'administration.

Hedges stand at the crossroads of modernization and greening agricultural policies. In France, hedges were massively destroyed after World War II. Since the 1970s, they are gradually being protected by local policies and replanting programs. The aim of this PhD is to study their juridical requalification by the Common Agricultural Policy's cross compliance system. Since 2015, the "good agricultural and environmental condition n°7" (GAEC7) prohibits farmers from destroying their hedges. The inquiry is a monograph of this "dispositif" (a French sociological concept which means both "assemblage" and "device") based on a multi-sited ethnography that probes three groups of actors: administrative authorities, farmers, and associations. The interviews, observations, questionnaires, and archives that are analyzed concern the 2014-2019 period. The work contains five chapters. The first one engages in a literature review in the social sciences to highlight the specificities of the "dispositif" (which is both national and mandatory). The second chapter shows that the hedge's juridical requalification was a hurried compromise. The third chapter describes the vast digital means needed to identify hedges in an information infrastructure. The fourth chapter documents how farmers' criticisms of the administration use the red tape engendered by the hedge requalification programs to support their position. The last chapter concludes that the monitoring systems are flawed, and proposes to consider the hedge programs as a "spectral greening". Nonetheless, it shows that ecological requalification can be successfully accomplished by local agroforester advisers who act as "agroecological diplomats" between the farmers and the administration ; Massivement détruites au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale puis progressivement réhabilitées par des programmes de replantation à partir des années 1970, les haies sont à l'exacte pliure des politiques de modernisation et des politiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture. L'objectif de la ...

Hedges stand at the crossroads of modernization and greening agricultural policies. In France, hedges were massively destroyed after World War II. Since the 1970s, they are gradually being protected by local policies and replanting programs. The aim of this PhD is to study their juridical requalification by the Common Agricultural Policy's cross compliance system. Since 2015, the "good agricultural and environmental condition n°7" (GAEC7) prohibits farmers from destroying their hedges. The inquiry is a monograph of this "dispositif" (a French sociological concept which means both "assemblage" and "device") based on a multi-sited ethnography that probes three groups of actors: administrative authorities, farmers, and associations. The interviews, observations, questionnaires, and archives that are analyzed concern the 2014-2019 period. The work contains five chapters. The first one engages in a literature review in the social sciences to highlight the specificities of the "dispositif" (which is both national and mandatory). The second chapter shows that the hedge's juridical requalification was a hurried compromise. The third chapter describes the vast digital means needed to identify hedges in an information infrastructure. The fourth chapter documents how farmers' criticisms of the administration use the red tape engendered by the hedge requalification programs to support their position. The last chapter concludes that the monitoring systems are flawed, and proposes to consider the hedge programs as a "spectral greening". Nonetheless, it shows that ecological requalification can be successfully accomplished by local agroforester advisers who act as "agroecological diplomats" between the farmers and the administration ; Massivement détruites au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale puis progressivement réhabilitées par des programmes de replantation à partir des années 1970, les haies sont à l'exacte pliure des politiques de modernisation et des politiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture. L'objectif de la ...

Hedges stand at the crossroads of modernization and greening agricultural policies. In France, hedges were massively destroyed after World War II. Since the 1970s, they are gradually being protected by local policies and replanting programs. The aim of this PhD is to study their juridical requalification by the Common Agricultural Policy's cross compliance system. Since 2015, the "good agricultural and environmental condition n°7" (GAEC7) prohibits farmers from destroying their hedges. The inquiry is a monograph of this "dispositif" (a French sociological concept which means both "assemblage" and "device") based on a multi-sited ethnography that probes three groups of actors: administrative authorities, farmers, and associations. The interviews, observations, questionnaires, and archives that are analyzed concern the 2014-2019 period. The work contains five chapters. The first one engages in a literature review in the social sciences to highlight the specificities of the "dispositif" (which is both national and mandatory). The second chapter shows that the hedge's juridical requalification was a hurried compromise. The third chapter describes the vast digital means needed to identify hedges in an information infrastructure. The fourth chapter documents how farmers' criticisms of the administration use the red tape engendered by the hedge requalification programs to support their position. The last chapter concludes that the monitoring systems are flawed, and proposes to consider the hedge programs as a "spectral greening". Nonetheless, it shows that ecological requalification can be successfully accomplished by local agroforester advisers who act as "agroecological diplomats" between the farmers and the administration ; Massivement détruites au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale puis progressivement réhabilitées par des programmes de replantation à partir des années 1970, les haies sont à l'exacte pliure des politiques de modernisation et des politiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture. L'objectif de la ...

Hedges stand at the crossroads of modernization and greening agricultural policies. In France, hedges were massively destroyed after World War II. Since the 1970s, they are gradually being protected by local policies and replanting programs. The aim of this PhD is to study their juridical requalification by the Common Agricultural Policy's cross compliance system. Since 2015, the "good agricultural and environmental condition n°7" (GAEC7) prohibits farmers from destroying their hedges. The inquiry is a monograph of this "dispositif" (a French sociological concept which means both "assemblage" and "device") based on a multi-sited ethnography that probes three groups of actors: administrative authorities, farmers, and associations. The interviews, observations, questionnaires, and archives that are analyzed concern the 2014-2019 period. The work contains five chapters. The first one engages in a literature review in the social sciences to highlight the specificities of the "dispositif" (which is both national and mandatory). The second chapter shows that the hedge's juridical requalification was a hurried compromise. The third chapter describes the vast digital means needed to identify hedges in an information infrastructure. The fourth chapter documents how farmers' criticisms of the administration use the red tape engendered by the hedge requalification programs to support their position. The last chapter concludes that the monitoring systems are flawed, and proposes to consider the hedge programs as a "spectral greening". Nonetheless, it shows that ecological requalification can be successfully accomplished by local agroforester advisers who act as "agroecological diplomats" between the farmers and the administration. ; Massivement détruites au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale puis progressivement réhabilitées par des programmes de replantation à partir des années 1970, les haies sont à l'exacte pliure des politiques de modernisation et des politiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture. L'objectif de la ...

Hedges stand at the crossroads of modernization and greening agricultural policies. In France, hedges were massively destroyed after World War II. Since the 1970s, they are gradually being protected by local policies and replanting programs. The aim of this PhD is to study their juridical requalification by the Common Agricultural Policy's cross compliance system. Since 2015, the "good agricultural and environmental condition n°7" (GAEC7) prohibits farmers from destroying their hedges. The inquiry is a monograph of this "dispositif" (a French sociological concept which means both "assemblage" and "device") based on a multi-sited ethnography that probes three groups of actors: administrative authorities, farmers, and associations. The interviews, observations, questionnaires, and archives that are analyzed concern the 2014-2019 period. The work contains five chapters. The first one engages in a literature review in the social sciences to highlight the specificities of the "dispositif" (which is both national and mandatory). The second chapter shows that the hedge's juridical requalification was a hurried compromise. The third chapter describes the vast digital means needed to identify hedges in an information infrastructure. The fourth chapter documents how farmers' criticisms of the administration use the red tape engendered by the hedge requalification programs to support their position. The last chapter concludes that the monitoring systems are flawed, and proposes to consider the hedge programs as a "spectral greening". Nonetheless, it shows that ecological requalification can be successfully accomplished by local agroforester advisers who act as "agroecological diplomats" between the farmers and the administration ; Massivement détruites au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale puis progressivement réhabilitées par des programmes de replantation à partir des années 1970, les haies sont à l'exacte pliure des politiques de modernisation et des politiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture. L'objectif de la ...

Hedges stand at the crossroads of modernization and greening agricultural policies. In France, hedges were massively destroyed after World War II. Since the 1970s, they are gradually being protected by local policies and replanting programs. The aim of this PhD is to study their juridical requalification by the Common Agricultural Policy's cross compliance system. Since 2015, the "good agricultural and environmental condition n°7" (GAEC7) prohibits farmers from destroying their hedges. The inquiry is a monograph of this "dispositif" (a French sociological concept which means both "assemblage" and "device") based on a multi-sited ethnography that probes three groups of actors: administrative authorities, farmers, and associations. The interviews, observations, questionnaires, and archives that are analyzed concern the 2014-2019 period. The work contains five chapters. The first one engages in a literature review in the social sciences to highlight the specificities of the "dispositif" (which is both national and mandatory). The second chapter shows that the hedge's juridical requalification was a hurried compromise. The third chapter describes the vast digital means needed to identify hedges in an information infrastructure. The fourth chapter documents how farmers' criticisms of the administration use the red tape engendered by the hedge requalification programs to support their position. The last chapter concludes that the monitoring systems are flawed, and proposes to consider the hedge programs as a "spectral greening". Nonetheless, it shows that ecological requalification can be successfully accomplished by local agroforester advisers who act as "agroecological diplomats" between the farmers and the administration ; Massivement détruites au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale puis progressivement réhabilitées par des programmes de replantation à partir des années 1970, les haies sont à l'exacte pliure des politiques de modernisation et des politiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture. L'objectif de la ...

Hedges stand at the crossroads of modernization and greening agricultural policies. In France, hedges were massively destroyed after World War II. Since the 1970s, they are gradually being protected by local policies and replanting programs. The aim of this PhD is to study their juridical requalification by the Common Agricultural Policy's cross compliance system. Since 2015, the "good agricultural and environmental condition n°7" (GAEC7) prohibits farmers from destroying their hedges. The inquiry is a monograph of this "dispositif" (a French sociological concept which means both "assemblage" and "device") based on a multi-sited ethnography that probes three groups of actors: administrative authorities, farmers, and associations. The interviews, observations, questionnaires, and archives that are analyzed concern the 2014-2019 period. The work contains five chapters. The first one engages in a literature review in the social sciences to highlight the specificities of the "dispositif" (which is both national and mandatory). The second chapter shows that the hedge's juridical requalification was a hurried compromise. The third chapter describes the vast digital means needed to identify hedges in an information infrastructure. The fourth chapter documents how farmers' criticisms of the administration use the red tape engendered by the hedge requalification programs to support their position. The last chapter concludes that the monitoring systems are flawed, and proposes to consider the hedge programs as a "spectral greening". Nonetheless, it shows that ecological requalification can be successfully accomplished by local agroforester advisers who act as "agroecological diplomats" between the farmers and the administration ; Massivement détruites au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale puis progressivement réhabilitées par des programmes de replantation à partir des années 1970, les haies sont à l'exacte pliure des politiques de modernisation et des politiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture. L'objectif de la ...

Hedges stand at the crossroads of modernization and greening agricultural policies. In France, hedges were massively destroyed after World War II. Since the 1970s, they are gradually being protected by local policies and replanting programs. The aim of this PhD is to study their juridical requalification by the Common Agricultural Policy's cross compliance system. Since 2015, the "good agricultural and environmental condition n°7" (GAEC7) prohibits farmers from destroying their hedges. The inquiry is a monograph of this "dispositif" (a French sociological concept which means both "assemblage" and "device") based on a multi-sited ethnography that probes three groups of actors: administrative authorities, farmers, and associations. The interviews, observations, questionnaires, and archives that are analyzed concern the 2014-2019 period. The work contains five chapters. The first one engages in a literature review in the social sciences to highlight the specificities of the "dispositif" (which is both national and mandatory). The second chapter shows that the hedge's juridical requalification was a hurried compromise. The third chapter describes the vast digital means needed to identify hedges in an information infrastructure. The fourth chapter documents how farmers' criticisms of the administration use the red tape engendered by the hedge requalification programs to support their position. The last chapter concludes that the monitoring systems are flawed, and proposes to consider the hedge programs as a "spectral greening". Nonetheless, it shows that ecological requalification can be successfully accomplished by local agroforester advisers who act as "agroecological diplomats" between the farmers and the administration ; Massivement détruites au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale puis progressivement réhabilitées par des programmes de replantation à partir des années 1970, les haies sont à l'exacte pliure des politiques de modernisation et des politiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture. L'objectif de la ...