Suchergebnisse

Chapter 1: Introduction (Pranitha Maharaj) -- Chapter 2: Migrants in the Informal Sector: What We Know So Far (Shanaaz Dunn and Pranitha Maharaj) -- Chapter 3: Hustling to survice: Livelihood strategies of migrants (Sachin Sewpersad and Pranitha Maharaj) -- Chapter 4: Escaping poverty in Zimbabwe: Experiences of informal traders in South Africa (Emma S. Chikovore and Pranitha Maharaj) -- Chapter 5: Innovation and flexibility: Nigerian women in Durban's informal economy (Sunday I. Oyebamiji) -- Chapter 6: Remittance flow and familial relations in the face of COVID-19 pandemic: Rethinking social ties during the migration period (Thebeth R. Masunda and Pranitha Maharaj) -- Chapter 7: No protection, no support: Older migrants operating in South Africa's informal economy (Ganzamungu Zihindula, Pranitha Maharaj and Shanaaz Dunn) -- Chapter 8: Collaboration or competition? The relationship between locals and migrants in the informal economy (Tronic Sithole and Pranitha Maharaj) -- Chapter 9: Changes in public attitudes and behaviour towards international migrants in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic (Steven L. Gordon) -- Chapter 10: The inclusion of international migrants in the informal economy: From policy to practice (Mamokete Modiba and Thobelani N. Mdluli).

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of contributors -- Acknowledgements -- List of abbreviations -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Introduction -- Population ageing in Africa -- Health and care in Africa -- Summary and organisation of the volume -- References -- Chapter 2: Ageing in Africa: patterns and trends -- Introduction -- Global overview of older people -- Magnitude and pace of population ageing by development regions -- Regional trends and determinants in population ageing -- Ageing in Africa -- Country-level differentials in population ageing -- Urban-rural differentials -- Profile of African ageing population -- Demographic drivers of population ageing -- Fertility decline -- Life expectancy by global region -- Sex ratio differentials -- Dependency of the elderly population -- Labour force participation -- Independent living amongst elderly people -- Education among the elderly -- Policy implications -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Long-term care for the elderly in sub-Saharan Africa: an analysis of existing models -- Introduction -- Conceptualising longterm care in African societies -- Family longterm care for the elderly -- Complexities of family care -- Changing family structure -- Lack of adequate skills -- Gendered nature of family care -- Community care -- Institutional care -- State interventions -- Policy and legislative frameworks -- Safety nets as a care relief -- Overstretching old age grants -- Selfcare and care reciprocity -- Ageing in place -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Family and kin care of elders in sub-Saharan Africa -- Introduction -- Challenges faced by families caring for elders -- Changing family structures -- The impact of HIV/AIDS on family care for elders -- Lack of formal care systems for elders.

Population aging is a matter of global concern. It often occurs in tandem with changes in the health profile of the population. In Africa, many countries are already facing a high burden of communicable diseases. However, as more and more children survive childhood and move on to adult years and old age they are also more likely to experience health problems associated with the aging process. Population aging in Africa is occurring in the context of high levels of poverty, changing family structures, an immense disease burden, fragile health systems and weak or poorly managed government institutions. This book shows that aging is likely to lead to increased social and economic demands for the continent. However, most national governments in Africa have not begun to address the issue of how to respond effectively to the needs of the older population. This will require a better understanding of the socio-economic and demographic situation of the older population in Africa. This book fills the gaps that exist by exploring the social realities of population aging in Africa. It also focuses on the policy and programmatic responses, gaps and future challenges related to aging across the continent.

This dissertation presents a critical analysis of section 6(4) of the Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 ("EEA") and seeks to address the question of whether it is likely to achieve its stated objective of giving effect to the constitutional right to equality. In conducting my analysis, I consider the concept of managerial prerogative and discuss what underlies the drive for substantive equality in order to determine why the issue of protection from discriminatory income disparities has been removed from the realm of an employer's traditional prerogative. Next, I highlight the requirements for establishing a claim of discrimination in terms section 6(4) and the remedies available to a successful complainant. I then turn to highlight the limitations introduced by the statutorily prescribed comparator in section 6(4) before demonstrating that the regulated methodology for assessing the value of work and the factors for justifying a differentiation in terms and conditions of employment give significant deference to employer prerogative. My analysis proceeds to consider whether, following the introduction of section 6(4), an administrative body whose primary function is the conduct of formal investigation into discriminatory pay practices and the resolution of equal pay disputes ought to have been created. I ultimately conclude that section 6(4) of the EEA provides only a partial solution to the issue of discriminatory pay disparities in South Africa and is likely to have a limited effect in contributing to the achievement of the State's objective of achieving substantive equality. In analysing section 6(4), I draw on the experience of the United Kingdom, the United States of America and Canada. While the socio-economic and political landscapes of these jurisdictions may not be apposite to the South African experience, these jurisdictions have a long legislative history in pay equality issues which assist in establishing a benchmark for South Africa.

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to report on the 2014 Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Conference held at Technische Universitat Munchen, Munich.


Design/methodology/approach
– The report is based on delegate observations, notes and audience reactions to papers presented on research conducted.


Findings
– The papers presented new boundaries on diversity research. This included research on the importance of cultural diversity in the outcomes in the hotel industry by being led by foreign managers in Cyprus; how skilled Romanians construct and understand their identities as skilled professionals and members of stigmatised European migrants and how a diverse workforce experiences power utilising a Foucauladian understanding of power.


Originality/value
– This report integrates a number of themes from diversity research across the world, highlighting progress and the suggested direction for future diversity research.

The quality of life of society as a whole is to a considerable extent determined by the role of government. South African society is characterised by the presence of a wide gap between the rich and the poor. This is exacerbated by the presence of poverty, HIV/AIDS, crime, corruption and exploitation. Governments attempt to address these contradictions are encapsulated in various policies that detail in accurate form, the needs of the majority of South Africans. Whilst policies depict the needs of the majority of South Africans, these needs remain undelivered. The void between the formulation of policy and service delivery has been most severely felt by the poor. Policy implementation is the responsibility of central, provincial and local government. The policy on tourism has been identified as one of the major players in resolving the impasse that is experienced by government. According to South Africa's National Tourism Sector strategy (2011 & 2016) the country's tourism's economic contribution is set to increase from R318, 16 billion by 2015 to R499 billion by 2020. The challenge however, remains in harnessing Tourism policy in a way that addresses the past and current contradictions. Legislative provisions, policies and plans have set the tone in terms of the direction that tourism should be heading. Public sector institutions at national, provincial and local levels have equipped themselves to develop and enhance the tourism industry in such a way that it resonates with the South African tourism imperatives. This places within context the role of public organisations and its capacity to deliver in terms of government's national imperative. The tourism industry is complex with a range of different stakeholders. There is an inextricable link between the tourism and hospitality industries. This paper attempts to improve on the South African tourism competitiveness with the expressed intention of enhancing growth and sustainability.