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This study has sought to investigate the experiences of four blind professionals and the influence of careers guidance practitioners. It emerged that careers guidance professionals did not play a positive role in helping each to establish career goals or find employment. The independent skills that were developed at an early age became most important in later life when seeking employment.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the rich linguistic diversity in Japan. Each chapter explores the history and current status of a specific language community, including indigenous languages such as Ryukyan, community languages such as Chinese and Portuguese, and languages of modernization and culture, such as English and French.

"Language is a social space, an aesthetic, a form of play and communication, a geographical reference, a jouissance, a producer of numerous social and personal identities. This book takes up salient issues of sociolinguistics with a specific focus on Japan: language and gender (the married name controversy), language and the 'portable' identities being fashioned around traditional, essentialist notions of ethnicity (metroethnicity) endangerment, slang, taboo and discriminatory language in Japanese especially regarding minorities, place-names from indigenous languages, the fellowship and parody of children's songs, and the diversity of nicknames among children and young people. This books gives radical and new perspectives on the sociolinguistics of Japanese"--

John C. Maher explains why societies everywhere have become more multilingual, despite the disappearance of hundreds of the world languages. He considers our notion of language as national or cultural identities, and discusses why nations cluster and survive around particular languages even as some territories pursue autonomy or nationhood.

A name is not merely a personal identifier but an object over which state and corporate bodies regard themselves
as having the right of control. In the modern state, ideologies of citizenship, ethnocentrism, colonialism, have long entailed
the manipulation of personal names. The married change-name is, among other things, a psychological act, an imprinting
by society on the (bride-bridegroom) initiate's consciousness. A newly-coined married name encodes new
information about the man or woman. It connotes primarily that a new social relationship has occurred. A new name is
a symbol of allegiance to a new person, a new nexus of relations, a starting-over. Fufu
bessei is the practice
in Japan of the retention of former surnames after marriage. Retention of the surname is a ruptus in traditional
symbolic reference, a social and psychological discontinuity. A review of global practice regarding post-marriage naming
reveals no uniformity but rather variation. At the same time, there appears to be many possible reasons why an individual
decides to change or not to change. Marriage name-change/name-retention thus comprise an ideological speech-act: a
linguistic expression of a form of consciousness which sustains and legitimates a state of affairs or which, conversely,
indicates rejection of particular practices and institutions.