Suchergebnisse

It is of high interest of a society to explore and support self-employment which is a prerequisite for development of entrepreneurship and, consequently, the growth of economy. Keeping in mind political and economic differences in Croatia, Poland, Serbia and Slovakia, the level of self-employment intentions was investigated among students at agricultural or life science universities in these countries. The self-employment intention level (SEINT) was measured on a scale of 1 to 5. The total sample of 1,156 respondents involved students from Nitra, Warsaw, Zagreb and Novi Sad. The average SEINT value was 2.97, with students located in Novi Sad expressing significantly higher scores than the other three universities. It was found that some of socio-demographic factors are significantly related to the SEINT. However, the main reasons for significant difference in SEINT for Novi Sad students are believed to be due to the differences in macroeconomic conditions in the country. ; U interesu je svakog društva razvijati samozapošljavanje među studentima, jer je za očekivati da će upravo oni biti lideri gospodarstva u bliskoj budućnosti. Uzimajući u obzir političke i gospodarske razlike između Hrvatske, Poljske, Slovačke i Srbije, ispitane su namjere samozapošljavanju među studentima područja poljoprivrede i životnih znanosti u navedenim zemljama. Razina namjere samozaposlenja (SEINT) je mjerena na skali od 1-5. Ukupno je ispitano 1.156 studenata sa sveučilišta u Nitri, Varšavi, Zagrebu i Novom Sadu. Prosječna vrijednost za SEINT iznosila je 2.97, pri čemu je prosjek studenata iz Novog Sada statistički značajno viši nego na ostala tri sveučilišta. Utvrđena je statistički značajna povezanost nekih od socio-demografskih čimbenika s vrijednošću SEINT. Rezultati ukazuju na zaključak da glavni razlog za značajno različite vrijednosti kod studenata iz Novog sada dolazi od razlike u makroekonomskim uvjetima u pojedinoj zemlji.

Purpose
While progress has been made in the realm of teaching about sustainability to business students, integrating sustainability into experiential learning with a systemic mindset has been identified by leading scholars as an area for improvement. The purpose of this paper is to describe a pilot project in which students prepared a sustainability report for a client company and to answer the question of whether the experiment yielded the anticipated benefits.


Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents an initiative that was part of an MBA course delivered at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences in Poland by an international team of professors. The multinational group of students was confronted with the task of preparing an integrated sustainability report for a large corporation.


Findings
The initiative creates opportunities for both students and commercial organizations to understand large business commercial activities from a sustainability perspective. This paper identifies the next steps for others to build upon.


Originality/value
The paper explains the experiential learning opportunity that was created, describes how students rose to meet the challenge, discusses the benefits that accrued to students, professors and a commercial organization and shares some guidance for those seeking to emulate this practice.

W opracowaniu przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące pomiaru wpływu krajobrazuwiejskiego, jego elementów i struktury na konkurencyjność regionu rozumianą jako zdolność do generowania relatywnie wysokich dochodów z działalności gospodarczej, przy jednoczesnym zapewnieniu zatrudnienia i dobrobytu społeczeństwa. Powiązania przyczynowe pomiędzy kształtowaniem krajobrazu, korzyściami społeczno-ekonomicznymi i mechanizmami wpływającymi na poziom dochodów zostały opisane i zmierzone na przykładzie regionu rolniczego, który znajduje się na terenie Parku Krajobrazowego im. Gen. Dezyderego Chłapowskiego w Wielkopolsce. W celu scharakteryzowania unikatowej struktury krajobrazu parku, za pomocą GIS, map glebowych i innych materiałów przygotowano szczegółowe mapy wybranego regionu i porównano je z dwoma obszarami rolniczymi o wyraźnie odmiennych cechach krajobrazowych, ale położonymi w sąsiedztwie. Na podstawie przygotowanych map dokonano inwentaryzacji krajobrazu i jego struktury. Stopień koncentracjii zróżnicowania elementów krajobrazu został zmierzony dwoma wskaźnikami – indeksem Shannona (H) i indeksem Herfindahla-Hirschmana (HHI). Następnie w celu określenia potencjalnego wpływukrajobrazu na konkurencyjność regionu opracowano koncepcję oceny zależności metodą Bayesian Belief Network (BBN). Opracowanie struktury BBN pozwoliło na ustalenie siły zależności pomiędzy poszczególnymi elementami krajobrazu, funkcjami pełnionymi przez krajobraz, korzyściami a konkurencyjnością regionu. Wyniki wskazują, że korzyści z krajobrazu dla konkurencyjności regionu w Parku Krajobrazowym im. Gen. Dezyderego Chłapowskiego są wyraźnie związane z rolnictwem chronionym przez pasy zadrzewień. Występowanie zadrzewień liniowych jest ponad dwukrotnie większe na terenie Parku niż w regionach sąsiednich. Krajobraz Parku waloryzowany jest z perspektywy dwóch najważniejszych pełnionych funkcji – produkcyjnej oraz regulacyjnej. Funkcja produkcyjna związanajest z rolniczym charakterem krajobrazu i produkcją żywności. Funkcja ochronno-regulacyjna wynika z występowania pasów zadrzewień śródpolnych, które w znaczący sposób redukują erozję wietrzną,na którą narażone są uprawy w tym regionie Polski. Stwierdzono też, że wszystkie rozważane elementy krajobrazu (pola uprawne, lasy, zadrzewienia śródpolne i przydrożne, zbiorniki wodne) mają pozytywny wpływ na zdolność do generowania dochodów w regionie, zwiększając szanse na osiągnięciewysokiej konkurencyjności, ale z różną siłą oddziaływania.

Innovation and new technology adoption represent two central elements for the enterprise and industry development process in agriculture. The objective of the paper is to provide an ex-ante analysis of the effectiveness of alternative policy design options concerning the RDP measures intended to provide incentives for investment/innovation adoption in five case study areas across Europe. The model implemented is based on a real option approach that includes investment irreversibility and stochasticity in SFP. The results show the relevance of uncertainty in determining the timing of adoption and emphasise the importance of predictability as a major component of policy design.

Innovation and new technology adoption represent two central elements for the enterprise and industry development process in agriculture. The objective of the paper is to provide an ex-ante analysis of the effectiveness of alternative policy design options concerning the RDP measures intended to provide incentives for investment/innovation adoption in five case study areas across Europe. The model implemented is based on a real option approach that includes investment irreversibility and stochasticity in SFP. The results show the relevance of uncertainty in determining the timing of adoption and emphasise the importance of predictability as a major component of policy design.

In order to test and improve the SEAMLESS Integrated Framework and its components two Test cases have been identified and are considered as representative of the types of questions that SEAMLESS-IF is designed to address, combining top or bottom driven issues with economic or environmentally driven issues. The objective of this deliverable is to describe the major characteristics of scenarios and systems which will form the basis of Test case 1 which is mainly driven by economic policies. We first describe the major characteristics of the baseline scenario (implementation of CAP reform until 2013) and of the policy scenario based on WTO negotiations. These scenario will be applied at EU level (not described here) and on specific agricultural regions in EU (two in France, one in Poland) and in a developing country (Mali). The description of these agricultural systems and of their major types of farms, based on a system approach, is presented in this document and illustrated in more details in its four appendix (one per region) using a system approach. This deliverable is to be used as working document to develop practical examples of questions and systems to be addressed in the IP and particularly in Test case 1.

Improving the eco-efficiency of food systems is one of the major global challenges faced by the modern world. Short food supply chains (SFSCs) are commonly regarded to be less harmful to the environment, among various reasons, due to their organizational distribution and thus the shortened physical distance between primary producers and final consumers. In this paper, we empirically test this hypothesis, by assessing and comparing the environmental impacts of short and long food supply chains. Based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach, we calculate eco-efficiency indicators for nine types of food distribution chains. The analysis is performed on a sample of 428 short and long food supply chains from six European countries. Our results indicate that, on average, long food supply chains may generate less negative environmental impacts than short chains (in terms of fossil fuel energy consumption, pollution, and GHG emissions) per kg of a given product. The values of eco-efficiency indicators display a large variability across analyzed chains, and especially across different types of SFSCs. The analysis shows that the environmental impacts of the food distribution process are not only determined by the geographical distance between producer and consumer, but depend on numerous factors, including the supply chain infrastructure. ; This research received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program STRENGTH2FOOD under grant agreement no. 678024 and title: "Strengthening European Food Chain Sustainability by Quality and Procurement Policy". ; publishedVersion