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The objective of the article was to assess the semiotics of law in modern philosophical and legal research. Recently, semiotic scientific research on the analysis of legal reality has become increasingly relevant, its demand is explained by the active search for meta-legal foundations for the integration of modern legal theory. The research carried out in the proposed article is applied using dialectical, systemic structural, genetic, and other methods, which allows us to affirm that interdisciplinary studies of law from the point of view of semiotics compete with many other approaches and contribute to solving important problems of philosophical and legal ciencias. It is conceptually concluded that the semiotics of law has direct and indirect organic relations with all the main subdisciplines of the philosophy of law: legal ontology, epistemology, anthropology, axiology, and praxeology, and represents one of the interdisciplinary approaches to law. The importance of semiotic analysis of the problems of legal reality is emphasized, which demonstrates the logic of its construction, systemic and structural connections, reveals the internal mechanisms and symbolic patterns of its development.

The article conducts a comparative criminal law investigation to ensure freedom of religion in Ukraine and some countries. The subject of the study is a person's right to freedom of religion guaranteed by the Ukrainian Constitution. In conducting this research, a comparative legal method was widely used, which allowed a two-tier analysis (empirical and theoretical) of the legal systems of Ukraine and some foreign countries in terms of ensuring freedom of religion under criminal law, to identify the originals and specific manifestations of such support, to determine the patterns of development of each country's criminal law. As a result of the investigation, some gaps and advantages of Ukrainian law were identified in terms of criminal law guaranteeing the right to freedom of religion. Itstates that Ukraine's modern criminal law generally complies with international standards for the protection of citizens' constitutional right to freedom of religion, but there are some shortcomings in terms of unequivocal understanding of the elements of crimes that violate freedom of religion, which are worth discussing.

The purpose of the article is to investigate the human rights threats associated with globalization, to identify the consequences of the transformation of human rights under the influence of globalization and to prevent them. The following issues were considered to achieve the research objectives: the essence of globalization, its positive and negative consequences were determined; the existing threats to human rights were identified; the main factors of crime in the age of globalization are described; crime is considered as a form of violation of human rights. The system of philosophical, general-scientific and special-scientific methods was applied to obtain reliable results, in particular: formal-logical, systemic, structural-functional, formal-legal methods and the method of comparison. The following statements have been established in the research process: сertain democratic values, including rights and freedoms, can be used as a means of geopolitical influence under the influence of globalization processes; such negative phenomena as extremism, terrorism, poverty are the causes of human rights violations; criminal threats cannot be considered outside the context of globalizing and humanitarian processes in a globalizing society; crime is one of the factors that affects social life and violates human rights, especially the right to life, liberty and personal integrity.