Suchergebnisse

The affordability to own a home among the urban middle-income group has been getting much attention from various parties in Malaysia. Various policies and strategies have been introduced by the government to increase homeownership among Malaysians. However, this issue has not been solved comprehensively until today. This article discusses the multi-dimensional impacts of the unaffordability to own a home among the urban middle-income group in the state of Penang. A qualitative study was conducted through an in-depth interview method with 30 urban middle-income earners in Penang. Data obtained from the interview was analysed using the content analysis method. The initial results of the study show four main dimensions of the impacts due to the unaffordability to own a home among the urban middle-income group: personal, geographical, financial, and physical. The implication of this study is the necessity to apply a multi-dimensional approach in analysing the homeownership affordability issues among the urban middle-income group so that these issues can be resolved more effectively. This approach is in tandem with the sustainable development approach which emphasizes the balance between economic, social, and environmental aspects of human lives. This comprehensive approach can help to formulate more conclusive housing policies and strategies in the future.

House is considered as basic needs for everyone besides food, clothing, educational and medication needs. Owning a desired house is part of life achievement that ensures prosperous and productive way of living towards the society's well-being. The increasing population, rapid urbanization process and vast economic growth have contributed to the development of the housing sector in Malaysia. Numerous efforts were introduced by the government to ensure stability of housing ownerships within the society. However, not much attention was given to cater the housing needs of middle-income society especially in urban areas. This article revisits the house ownership issues faced by middle-income urban society based on challenges to own a house, impacts due to inability to own a house, and suggestions to increase the ability to own a house. A qualitative study using in-depth interview was conducted involving 15 informants selected among the middle-income society. Penang was chosen due to rapid economic growth, population, and urbanization rate. Data were analysed via content analysis method to discover the multi-dimensional themes. Study results indicated several multi-dimensional themes in terms of challenges, impacts and suggestions related to the issues such as economy, social, geography, physical, infrastructure and housing policies. This study main implication is to highlight the importance of multi-dimensional perspectives in solving the house ownership among middle-income urban society. It will contribute to the improvement of housing policies that fulfil the real needs of this group in owning a house for the well-being of the society.

Mining sector is a natural resource that takes a long time to do exploitation. Mining activity is also a sector that has a great impact on development in an area such as economic, social and environmental. Therefore, the concept of sustainable mining development should be directed to achieve three objectives, namely economic development, social andenvironmental. Economic purpose is not only to focus on the macro-economic growth alone, but must consider the economic conditions of local communities. Then pay attention to social goals must be the local social and cultural conditions so that welfare can be improved. Further environmental objectives must considerthe balance of the environment around the mining activity. The amount of growth in the mining sector on development in the province especially in Aceh Besar district can be seen from the Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP). This sector has a major role to both the local economy and the growth conditions of the local communities. But the concept of sustainable development is not only economic growth alone is the target of development of a region. According to data from the Department of Mines and Energy of the Province of Aceh in 2011, there were six (6) mining companies operating in Aceh Besar regency which has contributed greatly to the GDP of Aceh Besar district. However, the selection of research sites only in existing mining companies in the district Lhoong as a case study because of the attention to the criteria of the concept of sustainable development. The results showed that the mining activity in the area during this study generated a lot of negative impressions for both regional and local communities. Aceh post-tsunami and post-conflict between the Government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM), a lot of investors who built the company's mining sector in Aceh Besar district, but the potential is very big problem will arise if the problems that exist today cannot be solved immediately. Ecological damage caused by the efforts of development and economic growth has provided a real threat. The condition raises concerns about the sustainability of resources for future generations in Aceh Besar district.Therefore, by introducing the concept of sustainable development of mining this is a solution to overcome the problems of existing mines in the province especially in Aceh Besar district.Keywords: Sustainable Mining, economic, social, environmental, Aceh Besar