Suchergebnisse

This article deals with the impact of external R&D evaluations as one of the institutional factors that can encourage (or discourage) the progress of the social sciences. A critical overview is presented of the increasing use of bibliometric indicators in the external R&D evaluation procedures employed by the Slovenian Research Agency, which is the leading research council for financing the public sector of social sciences in Slovenia. We attempt to establish that, in order to ensure a good external R&D evaluation practice for a small social science community, it is insufficient to only have reliable bibliometric meta-databases. It is argued that it is equally important to formulate very precise criteria to ascertain their validity.

Abstract. The article aims to explore the public's fear of data being misused when using European Covid-19 contact-tracing applications. The point of departure lies in considering the research question of whether the Covid-19 pandemic has influenced the platformisation of traditional institutions, i.e., whether the design of Europe's proximity-tracing applications mimic the dataintensive web services of commercial platforms, namely commercial APIs and their data policies, in order to bypass the right to privacy. We accordingly argue that is vital to address the public's fears of governmental and corporate dataveillance as well as data misuse while using such apps. The investigation entails of a critical analysis of the Exposure Notification System framework designed by Apple and Google (or GAEN) and the #OstaniZdrav application. The article rejects the justification of the public's fear of governmental dataveillance, while recognising the possibility of corporate data misuse. Keywords: Covid-19 contact-tracing application, right to privacy, GDPR, API, protocol, metadata, dataveillance

Over the past decades, (bio)ethical expertise has been gaining considerable influence in decision-making processes on various levels, but the nature and role of bioethical expertise and experts has only rarely been subject to empirical investigation in institutional contexts. One of the characteristics of modern (bio)ethics is its "empirical" and "policy" turn, which has led to the formation of institutions that were given the remit to provide political decision-makers with ethical advice on dealing with contentious developments in new and emerging sciences and technologies. In Europe, such national Ethical Advisory Bodies (EABs) have become a key mechanism in the legitimization of contested sociopolitical decisions. (Bio)ethicists can be seen as important experts in the workings of such institutions, but the role and function of (bio)ethical expertise and (bio)ethicists have so far not been systematically investigated in European national EABs. The present article thus tackles some of the theoretical and practical questions concerning ethicists and ethics in the context of EABs by combining theoretical reflection with empirical investigation. The first part provides a brief sketch of the development of modern (bio)ethics and its institutionalization in various expert bodies, especially EABs at the national level in Europe. The second part explores theoretical questions relating to the notion of ethical and moral expertise, as well as the attributes that ethicists should possess in order to be able to perform the role of experts in ethics within EABs. The third part compares theory to practice by examining the results of a survey conducted among European national EABs on how ethicists and ethical expertise are actually perceived by EABs and what functions they perform in such institutions.

In the last few years European Union and its member states are facing with a big policy challenge how to increase the human resources in R&D activities and how to attract young people for entering science careers, first of all women. Although the participation of women in science has increased in recent decades, they are still too often dispriviliged and underrepresented in everyday scientific practice. In the article, there is addressed the case of Slovenia. There is analysed the recruitment of young female researchers in �The Young Research Programme� in Slovenia and mentor�s support to the female PhD candidates. The results of empirical study show that regardless of the efficiency of �The Young Research Programme� it has not succeeded in improving the gender structure of young researchers in Slovenia. Moreover, the authors of empirical analysis come to the conclusion, that on the micro level young female researchers receive less intellectual and psychological support from their mentors than their male counterparts. ; En los últimos años la Unión Europea y sus Estados miembros se enfrentan con un reto político importante la forma de aumentar los recursos humanos en I + D y la manera de atraer a los jóvenes para incorporarse a las carreras de ciencias, en primer lugar a todas las mujeres. Aunque la participación de la mujer en la ciencia se ha incrementado en las últimas décadas, siguen siendo demasiado desprivilegiada a menudo o insuficientemente representadas en la práctica científica cotidiana. En el artículo, se aborda el caso de Eslovenia.Se analiza la contratación de jóvenes investigadoras en el "Programa Joven de la Investigación" en Eslovenia y el apoyo mentor a los candidatos de doctorado femenino. Los resultados empíricos del estudio muestran que, independientemente de la eficiencia del "Programa de jóvenes investigadores" no ha conseguido mejorar la estructura de género de los jóvenes investigadores en Eslovenia. Además, los autores del análisis empírico llegamos a la conclusión, que a nivel micro las investigadoras jóvenes reciben menos apoyo intelectual y psicológico de sus mentores que sus homólogos masculinos.