Suchergebnisse

This article discusses the problem of the relationship between sociology and philosophy in 1920's Soviet Russia, the result of which was the birth of "Marxist sociology" and its approval in the 1930's. In the first part of the article, the problem becomes more acute in the question of whether there was any sociology in the USSR during those years. It is argued that the answer to it cannot be unconditional and unequivocal, because much depends on what was considered to be "sociology" at the time. In this regard, the thesis about the existence of "empirical sociology" in the 1920's is questioned. The article briefly highlights the original meaning of the concept of "sociology", the history of its existence in the Russian Empire. It analyzes how the trends of "philosophical nihilism" in the early years of Soviet government were reflected in its interpretation. The task is set not only to describe the historically and socio-culturally conditioned changes in the meaning of the term "sociology" in the 1920's, but also to determine the factors that influenced them from the perspective of sociology of knowledge. In this regard, the key yet negative role of Vladimir Lenin in the history of domestic social thought is considered.

This article examines the history of Russian sociology from the viewpoint of sociology of knowledge, specifically the period of history from the early 1990's to the mid-2000's. The external historical context, as well as the internal mental and theoretical-methodological consequences associated with the fall of Marxist-Leninist ideology are all analyzed. Digressing from the emotional psychological experiences and value judgments of sociologists, the author sees an ideological challenge in the void that arose in place of Marxism-Leninism. His focus is on the actual responses to this challenge in the form of attempts made by Russian sociologists to fill and comprehend said void. In particular, the author touches upon the "polyparadigmatic approach" concept proposed by V.A. Yadov, in association with the controversy that arose between him and the creator of this concept. The author considers the "epistemological anarchism" doctrine by P. Feyerabend and finds that it has a lot in common with the concept of a "polyparadigm approach".

The article discusses the problems of interdisciplinary interactions in Russian sociology. The author sees the main problem of sociology and, respectively, of interdisciplinary interactions within it in the fact that there is no consensus on the disciplinary identity of sociology in the professional community of sociologists. It serves as a sort of roof for interdisciplinary interactions and each type of interdisciplinary synthesis, including the controversial ones, while its own disciplinary interests are often not recognized or even ignored. The author points to the likely causes of the current state of affairs. As one way of changing it, he offers a critical analysis of sociological knowledge from the standpoint of the sociology of knowledge.