Suchergebnisse

Fishery management is a complicated task that often results in overfishing, overcapacity, and low profits for the industry. The management of shared fish stocks is particularly problematic, especially if national authorities pursue different objectives. Multi-species fisheries add further complexity to the problem. It is no accident that management tools frequently used in Northern Europe, such as total allowable catches and individual quotas, are not applied in the Mediterranean Sea, where more target species are caught simultaneously. However, the European Commission intends to introduce a market-based driver for a strong, profitable fishing industry by phasing in transferable fishing concessions. This management approach is new for the Mediterranean, and it requires in-depth examination at institutional, legal, and economic levels. In this paper, after a review of the institutional setting, the economic perspective was analyzed by estimating the production function for the Italian small pelagic fishery in the Adriatic Sea. With the addition of Croatia to the European Union, the Adriatic Sea can become a Mediterranean communal exclusive fishing area. The results indicate that output measures such as total allowable catches and individual quotas should not cause serious discarding problems for this multi-species fishery. ; El manejo de la pesca es una tarea difícil que con frecuencia tiene como resultado la sobreexplotación de los recursos, la sobrecapitalización de las pesquerías y la baja rentabilidad de la industria pesquera. El manejo de los stocks compartidos es particularmente problemático, especialmente cuando las autoridades públicas persiguen objetivos diferentes. Las pesquerías multiespecíficas aumentan la complejidad del problema. No es accidental que instrumentos de manejo utilizados con frecuencia en el Norte de Europa, como los Totales Admisibles de Capturas (TACs) y las Cuotas Individuales, no sean aplicadas en el mar Mediterráneo, donde se capturan varias especies objetivo simultáneamente. De otro lado, la Comisión Europea piensa introducir un incentivo de mercado para favorecer el sector pesquero y hacerlo más fuerte y rentable, a través de la introducción paulatina de concesiones de pesca transferibles. Este modo de manejo es nuevo para el Mediterráneo, y requiere un análisis detallado a nivel institucional, legal y económico. En este artículo, además de una reseña del contexto institucional, analizamos la perspectiva económica estimando la función de producción para la flota pelágica italiana del mar Adriático. Con la inclusión de Croacia en la Unión Europea, el mar Adriático podría convertirse en una zona de pesca exclusiva comunitaria del Mediterráneo. Los resultados indican que las medidas de control sobre la producción, como los TACs y las Cuotas Individuales, no ocasionarían serios problemas de descarte para este tipo de pesqueria.

Fishery management is a complicated task that often results in overfishing, overcapacity, and low profits for the industry. The management of shared fish stocks is particularly problematic, especially if national authorities pursue different objectives. Multi-species fisheries add further complexity to the problem. It is no accident that management tools frequently used in Northern Europe, such as total allowable catches and individual quotas, are not applied in the Mediterranean Sea, where more target species are caught simultaneously. However, the European Commission intends to introduce a market-based driver for a strong, profitable fishing industry by phasing in transferable fishing concessions. This management approach is new for the Mediterranean, and it requires in-depth examination at institutional, legal, and economic levels. In this paper, after a review of the institutional setting, the economic perspective was analyzed by estimating the production function for the Italian small pelagic fishery in the Adriatic Sea. With the addition of Croatia to the European Union, the Adriatic Sea can become a Mediterranean communal exclusive fishing area. The results indicate that output measures such as total allowable catches and individual quotas should not cause serious discarding problems for this multi-species fishery.

AbstractWhile there has been plenty of research around family firm governance and management, less is known about the way in which family firm image is perceived by consumers. This research aims at filling the gap by investigating the chained links between family firm status and image, and the key brand elements identified by extant literature. The hypotheses are tested through an application to the wine industry with a sample of over 1,500 wine drinkers residing in Australia, Italy, and the United States. The results reveal several linkages between the distinctive family nature of a business and the loyalty of consumers. All brand knowledge constructs are positively affected by family firm image, and influence brand trust and satisfaction. Individual path coefficients highlight differences between countries. Evidence regarding the cultural interdependencies provides guidance for policy makers. Practitioners can consider this research when defining the relationship with consumers of family firms.

Related to growing concerns about food safety, the present heterogeneity of certifications and types of control adopted in international supply chains has been interacting with a number of private level strategies, having supermarket chains and large distributors as main protagonists, such as the strategic selection of target market or the differentiation strategy of B2B ('Business to Business') and B2C ('Business to Consumer'), which are applicable to food safety in the fresh fruit and vegetable distribution channel. In this paper, on the one hand, we describe the types of international supply chains for fresh products, and on the other hand, the strategies related to food safety of importers and distributors in developed countries. This with the aim of determining how these strategies influence and interact with both the health risk and the management and decision processes along the supply chain. Especially, it is shown how the diversity of effects caused by the introduction and development of risk management systems is reflected in the wide range of inter-related responses performed by the different members of the distribution channel. This paper proposes a summary of the more noteworthy ones in a segmented way according to their strategic purposes. As main conclusions of this paper we have that, due to the need and obligation for the distribution channel´s members to meet the quality and safety levels required by the market, the characteristics of the linkages, which were established until now along the supply chain, have been altered towards a search for higher upstream commitments from retailers to producers, and thus, the operator´s response to the new dimension acquired by food safety within the supply chain has led to the staging of new methods and procedures for its management. It can also be observed that the bulk of the literature in the area of food safety in the fresh fruit and vegetables supply chain is about the government and implementation of quality in products, processes, or with specific protocols, being much less present a pragmatic and management approach oriented to executive staff in their various areas of responsibility, as well as empirical fieldworks.