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This paper describes a new method of calculating the failure rate of programs involving behavioral change. The method overcomes a threat to construct validity implicit in the previous calculation method. Using it, one can estimate the failure rate as well as the fraction of program participants who are ultimately expected to remain successful. We illustrate the use of the method with data from a cohort of parolees. However, it should be of interest to those engaged in evaluating other programs that attempt to change individual behavior.

This innovative book examines the use of ethnography and fieldwork in Criminology and Criminal Justice Research. Using a combination of case studies, as well as "behind the scenes" contributions, it provides an comprehensive look at both the insights gained from ethnographic research, as well as the choices researchers make in conducting that work. The research is divided into three main sections, covering ethnographies of subcultures, ethnographies of place, and ethnographies of policing. It includes a diverse group of international contributors to provide perspectives on researchers' selection of questions to study, and their decisions about using ethnography to study those questions. This work will be of interest to researchers in criminology and criminal justice, particularly with a qualitative perspective, as well as related fields such as sociology, anthropology, and demography. It will also be of interest to students studying research methods and design.--

A marked decrease in arrest rates-up to 70%-was noted in the evaluation of a juve nile corrections program. This so-called "suppression effect" has been widely publicized as proof of the effectiveness of correctional intervention. In this article we show that the sup pression effect can easily be explained as a statistical artifact, regression to the mean, assuming that judges base their sentencing decisions on juveniles' prior records. We con clude that before/after comparisons should not be used to evaluate delinquency programs.