Suchergebnisse

AbstractThis paper seeks understanding how demographic characteristics affect the different quantiles of the South Korean income distribution. Findings from the 2016 Household Income and Expenditure Survey data suggest that, at the bottom of the distribution, households relied heavily on cash transfers from institutions and other households, while those at the top relied more on wages, suggesting that high‐income households in South Korea were not members of the "propertied class." We then develop simple empirical models to measure the effect of demographic covariates on household income conditional on a number of variables commonly used in inequality studies, including lifecycle, education, gender, marital status, urban residence, job security, industry and occupation type. Quantile regression results demonstrate how a particular quantile of the conditional distribution changes with demographic characteristics. Specifically, we found an increase in gender and unemployment effects as we go from high to low quantiles. Programmes aimed at combating gender discrimination and persistent unemployment therefore are expected to be inequality reducing. This is in contrast to policies to promote higher education or to expand public sector employment that quantile regression models indicate to be inequality enhancing.

AbstractDespite female‐friendly advances in the South Korean labour market, significant income differentials have persisted not only between male and female workers but also between urban male and female‐led households. This study examines the link between gender and income inequality using the household survey data for South Korea. Analysis of variance reveals the dispersion effects of gender account for less than 2% of the total variations in income. While the importance of gender in explaining aggregate inequality is surprisingly small, we found robust evidence corroborating the gender gap hypothesis. Controlling for demographic characteristics, the results show that Korean men‐headed households, on average, earn 30% higher income than women‐headed households. At the same time, the estimated discrimination effects suggest that the observed male–female income ratio exceeds the income ratio in the absence of discrimination by 26%. Furthermore, households led by a prime‐age man with 20 years of on‐the‐job experience earn, on average, double the income of households led by a prime‐age woman with similar qualifications. The results suggest that, while gender inequality remains a formidable challenge in Korea, female household heads in the prime age categories are particularly disadvantaged by workplace barriers against women participation.

This paper examines model replication in the context of agent-based simulation through two case studies.
Replication of a computational model and validation of its results is an essential tool for scientific
researchers, but it is rarely used by modelers. In our work we address the question of validating and
verifying simulations in general, and summarize our experience in approaching different models through
replication with different motivations. Two models are discussed in details. The first one is an agent-based
spatial adaptation of a numerical model, while the second experiment addresses the exact replication of an
existing economic model.

AbstractGlobalization has forced cities and regions to rely on creative innovations as a source of competitiveness and prosperity. Yet little is known about the physical factors that influence the residential location choices of innovative individuals in Asia. This paper examines the impact of publicly‐accessible built environments on the location choices of creative households – those led by creative heads – in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. Results show that the location choices of creative households are positively associated with the presence of transit stations, malls and parks, suggesting that publicly‐accessible spaces facilitate face‐to‐face interactions, which in turn promote information exchanges and knowledge spillovers.Resumen. La globalización ha obligado a ciudades y regiones a depender de innovaciones creativas como fuente de competitividad y prosperidad. Sin embargo, se sabe poco acerca de los factores físicos que influyen en las decisiones de individuos innovadores en Asia la hora de elegir la localización de su residencia. Este artículo examina el impacto de los entornos urbanos de acceso público en las decisiones de localización de sus hogares – con directivos creativos como cabeza de hogar– tomadas por parte de individuos creativos en la Región Metropolitana de Bangkok. Los resultados muestran que las decisiones de localización de hogares de individuos creativos están asociadas positivamente con la presencia de estaciones de transporte público, centros comerciales y parques, dando a entender que los espacios públicos facilitan la interacción cara a cara, la cual favorece a su vez los intercambios de información y spillovers de conocimiento.

Chapter 1. Iwan Jaya Azis: A Person, an Economist, and a Regional Scientist -- Chapter 2. Impacts of Monetary Policy on Consumer Demand of High- and Low-Income Groups in Indonesia -- Chapter 3. Rapid Urbanization: The Challenges and Opportunities for Planning in Indonesian Cities -- Chapter 4. Small and Medium Size Linkages with Large Firms: Revisiting of Studies of Indonesian Manufacturing -- Chapter 5. Indonesia and the Resource Curse: Economic and Environmental Dimensions -- Chapter 6. Climate Change Policies in Indonesia: Challenges and Economic Consequences -- Chapter 7. The Status and Trend of Indonesian Provinces' Sustainability: A Genuine Savings Approach -- Chapter 8. ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE 2018 ASIAN GAMES IN INDONESIA -- Chapter 9. Indonesia and Vietnam in Global Supply Chains and the Age of COVID: A Tale of Two Countries -- Chapter 10. Education and Expenditure Inequality in Indonesia and the Philippines: A Comparative Analysis in an Urban and Rural Dual Framework -- Chapter 11. Impact Analysis of the Economic Eastern Corridor on the Thai Economy: An Application of Multi-Regional Input-Output Model and Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Model -- Chapter 12. Climate Change, Food Security, and Trade: Navigating through Multiple Crises -- Chapter 13. I Won't Get Caught: An Agent-Based Model of Corruption with Incomplete Information -- Chapter 14. Analyses of University-Partnered Economic Development Initiatives and Minimum-Wage Policies Under Different Assumptions of Competition and Scale Economies -- Chapter 15. Lessons Learned from Managing Transportation Demand for Suburban Areas of Washington DC: Implications for Rapidly Growing Cities of the World -- Chapter 16. A Complex Systems Approach to Uneven Development in Asia: Political Economy and Mathematical Models.