Suchergebnisse

International audience ; This paper summarizes the round-table discussion that was held during the EuropeanCongress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE) in Nice, France, in October 2015 on this topic.The panellists come from different fields of chemical engineering and have thus broughtin different perspectives. The objective was to determine paths for developing innovativeapproaches in view of process optimization.The terminology is a first obstacle that was clarified. Energy efficiency can be envisagedeither by optimizing thermodynamic functions (entropy or exergy), more pragmatically byselecting the adequate unit operation or in a very general vision by considering all decisionvariables (i.e. including economic and political) that may have an impact on the final serviceprovided to society.The second issue relates to improving collaboration among various actors. These may bedefined in terms of type of responsibility (industrials, mostly market-driven, or academic),or in terms of discipline. The role of professional societies as the European Federation forChemical Engineers (EFCE) is stressed as a promotor of collaboration between disciplines.Finally, once willingness for collaboration is identified, the final question is how it can leadto true innovation. The largest innovation potential is often found at the interface betweenfields. Yet, it often requires both an effort to explain the mutual challenges in a didacticmanner, and the development of tools that make it possible to each partner to be efficientin his own field while being aware of the global goal and of the constraints of the others.

International audience ; This paper summarizes the round-table discussion that was held during the EuropeanCongress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE) in Nice, France, in October 2015 on this topic.The panellists come from different fields of chemical engineering and have thus broughtin different perspectives. The objective was to determine paths for developing innovativeapproaches in view of process optimization.The terminology is a first obstacle that was clarified. Energy efficiency can be envisagedeither by optimizing thermodynamic functions (entropy or exergy), more pragmatically byselecting the adequate unit operation or in a very general vision by considering all decisionvariables (i.e. including economic and political) that may have an impact on the final serviceprovided to society.The second issue relates to improving collaboration among various actors. These may bedefined in terms of type of responsibility (industrials, mostly market-driven, or academic),or in terms of discipline. The role of professional societies as the European Federation forChemical Engineers (EFCE) is stressed as a promotor of collaboration between disciplines.Finally, once willingness for collaboration is identified, the final question is how it can leadto true innovation. The largest innovation potential is often found at the interface betweenfields. Yet, it often requires both an effort to explain the mutual challenges in a didacticmanner, and the development of tools that make it possible to each partner to be efficientin his own field while being aware of the global goal and of the constraints of the others.

International audience ; This paper summarizes the round-table discussion that was held during the EuropeanCongress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE) in Nice, France, in October 2015 on this topic.The panellists come from different fields of chemical engineering and have thus broughtin different perspectives. The objective was to determine paths for developing innovativeapproaches in view of process optimization.The terminology is a first obstacle that was clarified. Energy efficiency can be envisagedeither by optimizing thermodynamic functions (entropy or exergy), more pragmatically byselecting the adequate unit operation or in a very general vision by considering all decisionvariables (i.e. including economic and political) that may have an impact on the final serviceprovided to society.The second issue relates to improving collaboration among various actors. These may bedefined in terms of type of responsibility (industrials, mostly market-driven, or academic),or in terms of discipline. The role of professional societies as the European Federation forChemical Engineers (EFCE) is stressed as a promotor of collaboration between disciplines.Finally, once willingness for collaboration is identified, the final question is how it can leadto true innovation. The largest innovation potential is often found at the interface betweenfields. Yet, it often requires both an effort to explain the mutual challenges in a didacticmanner, and the development of tools that make it possible to each partner to be efficientin his own field while being aware of the global goal and of the constraints of the others.

The β decay of the N=Z nucleus Kr72 has been studied with the total absorption spectroscopy technique at ISOLDE (CERN). A total B(GT)=0.79(4)gA2/4π has been found up to an excitation energy of 2.7 MeV. The B(GT) distribution obtained is compared with predictions from state-of-the-art theoretical calculations to learn about the ground state deformation of Kr72. Although a dominant oblate deformation is suggested by direct comparison with quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA) calculations, beyond-mean-field and shell-model calculations favor a large oblate-prolate mixing in the ground state ; J.A.B. acknowledges the predoctoral grant BES-2008-009412 associated with the research project FPA2007-62170 funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (Spain). This work has been partly supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) through projects FPA2012- 32443, FPA2011-24553, FPA2011-29854-C04-01, FPA2013-41267-P, FPA2014-52823-C2-1-P and FIS2011-23565, by STFC-UK (Grant No. ST/F012012/1) and by the European Union by means of the European Commission within its Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) via ENSAR (Contract No. 262010)

10 pags.; 11 figs.; 2 tabs.; PACS number(s): 23.40.Hc, 29.30.Kv, 27.50.+e, 21.10.Pc; Open Access funded by Creative Commons Atribution Licence 3.0 ; The beta decay of the N = Z nucleus Kr-72 has been studied with the total absorption spectroscopy technique at ISOLDE (CERN). A total B(GT) = 0.79(4)g(A)(2)/4 pi has been found up to an excitation energy of 2.7 MeV. The B(GT) distribution obtained is compared with predictions from state-of-the-art theoretical calculations to learn about the ground state deformation of Kr-72. Although a dominant oblate deformation is suggested by direct comparison with quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA) calculations, beyond-mean-field and shell-model calculations favor a large oblate-prolate mixing in the ground state. Published by the American Physical Society ; J.A.B. acknowledges the predoctoral grant BES-2008-009412 associated with the research project FPA2007-62170 funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (Spain). This work has ´ been partly supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) through projects FPA2012- 32443, FPA2011-24553, FPA2011-29854-C04-01, FPA2013- 41267-P, FPA2014-52823-C2-1-P and FIS2011-23565, by STFC-UK (Grant No. ST/F012012/1) and by the European Union by means of the European Commission within its Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) via ENSAR (Contract No. 262010) ; Peer Reviewed

12 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables.-- PACS nrs.: 23.40.Hc; 27.20.+n.-- Printed version published Sep 15, 2008.-- ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/0806.3025 ; The β-delayed charged particle emission from Li-11 has been studied with emphasis on the three-body nαHe-6 and five-body 2α3n channels from the 10.59 and 18.15 MeV states in Be-11. Monte Carlo simulations using an R-matrix formalism lead to the conclusion that the He-A resonance states play a significant role in the break-up of these states. The results exclude an earlier assumption of a phase-space description of the break-up process of the 18.15 MeV state. Evidence for extra sequential decay paths is found for both states. ; This work has been supported by the Spanish CICYT, under the projects FPA2002-04181-C04-02, FPA2005-02379 and theMEC Consolider project CSD2007-00042, the European Union Sixth Framework through RII3-EURONS (contract No. 506065) and the Swedish Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. M. Madurga acknowledges the support of the Spanish MEC under the FPU program, FPU AP-2004-0002. ; Peer reviewed