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La "MAGISTRATURA DEL TRABAJO" es el nombre con el que el régimen franquista denominó al órgano de la nueva jurisdicción laboral, anunciada en el "Fuero del Trabajo", y creada por Decreto de 13 de Mayo de 1938, en plena guerra civil española. Su nacimiento fue parejo, dentro de la operación de desmantelamiento del orden jurídico de la II República, a la supresión de los Tribunales Industriales y de los Jurados Mixtos de Trabajo, órganos precedentes de la jurisdicción laboral configurada según del modelo paritario, con intervención de representantes colectivos de obreros y patronos, cuyos orígenes databan desde 1908. Treinta años después se pasó de un sistema paritario a un sistema judicial, pero desgajado de la jurisdicción ordinaria, configurándose la MAGISTRATURA DEL TRABAJO como una jurisdicción especial, con una competencia jurisdiccional y un procedimiento propios, integrada por miembros de las carreras judicial y fiscal, pero sometidos a un segundo filtro de selección, con una dependencia estrecha del Gobierno, a través del Ministerio de Organización y Acción Sindical, luego llamado Ministerio de Trabajo. La MAGISTRATURA DEL TRABAJO fue durante la posguerra uno de los aparatos del franquismo dispuestos para el control del mundo del trabajo, junto a las Delegaciones Provinciales de Trabajo y las Centrales Nacional Sindicalistas. Los pronunciamientos judiciales de los primeros años fueron netamente desfavorables a las escasas demandas obreras presentadas, más de la mitad de las cuales fueron reclamaciones por despido. En la provincia de Murcia, que se mantuvo en zona republicana hasta los últimos días de la guerra, la MAGISTRATURA DEL TRABAJO se instaló en julio de 1939, presentando, incluso algo más acusada en los dos primeros años, la tendencia a favorecer a los empresarios. Palabras clave: Jurisdicción laboral, Magistratura de Trabajo, Régimen franquista, Posguerra española, Represión. ABSTRACT The "MAGISTRATURA DE TRABAJO" (Labour Court) is the name by which the Franco's regime denominated the new labour jurisdiction, announced in the "FUERO DEL TRABAJO" (Labour Charter) and created by Decree from the 13th of May 1938, at the height of the Spanish civil war. Its birth was even, within the dismantling operation of the legal order of the Second Spanish Republic, with the suppression of the Industrial Tribunals and the Labour Mixed Juries. These bodies preceded the labour jurisdiction set up according to a peer model, with the intervention of representatives from the workers' and employers' unions, whose origins dated from 1908. Thirty years later a changeover from a peer system to a judicial system happened, but split from the ordinary jurisdiction, configuring the new MAGISTRATURA DE TRABAJO as a special jurisdiction, with its own jurisdictional competence and procedure, integrated by members of the judiciary and state prosecution services, but subject to a second selection filter, with a close dependence to the Government through the Organization and Syndicate Action Ministry, afterwards named Labour Ministry. The MAGISTRATURA DE TRABAJO was during the post-war period one of the devices/ instruments of Franco's regime to control the labour world, together with the Labour Provincial Offices and the National Trade Unions. The Judicial Pronouncements from the first years were clearly unfavourable to the scarce labour lawsuits filed, more than half of which were dismissal complaints. In the province of Murcia, which stayed in the republican area until the last days of war, the MAGISTRATURA DE TRABAJO was set up in July 1939, presenting a tendency, even more striking during the first years, to favour the business owners. Keywords: Social Jurisdiction, Labour Court, Franco's regime, Spanish postwar, Repression.

In this section you can acknowledge any support given which is not covered by the author contribution or funding sections. This may include administrative and technical support, or donations in kind (e.g., materials used for experiments). ; The term "equity" (EQUI) is a complex concept to be defined, because it depends on many factors, mainly political ideals. The objective of this research is to determine the evolution and development of the term equity in education by the scientific community. The main objective is to identify the scientific production and performance of the term equity in the field of education. The research method developed is based on bibliometrics, specifically on the technique of scientific mapping, and a process of quantification, analysis, evaluation and estimation of scientific documents was developed. The results indicate there is no established line of research or strong connections between the themes. This shows the existing variety of research on the term equity. Thus, the trend in research on the term equity is focused on the early periods of study on the students' diversity in order to evolve to more concrete and specific aspects of equity, such as gender and race. It is concluded that the theoretical framework of reference shows how equity should be incorporated into the education system under the parameters of equal opportunities, of equality in access to higher education, regardless of gender or socio-cultural background. ; Proyecto de investigacion I+D Reference: ISPRS-2017-2021 ; Corporacion Escuela Tecnologica del Oriente y Secretaria de Educacion de Santander (Colombia) & University of Granada

Computers have evolved over the course of history through successive generations. The impact of this technology on society has revolutionised the way we communicate, participate in the political life of a country or access education. The potential of the computer in the field of education has been highlighted by last year's global event. The objective of the study is to analyze the literature on the term computer in the field of education (CoMPU-EdU) in the Web of Science database. for this, a bibliometric methodology based on a scientific mapping of the publications on the state of the question has been used. It has worked with an analysis unit of 10939 documents. The results indicate that research related to "computer" in education is mainly presented in English and in research articles. In addition, the journal with the most manuscripts on this line of research is Computer & Education. The analysis of the scientific evolution of this line of research shows that studies are mainly focused on teaching and learning processes, as well as on students' attitudes towards computer use. It can be concluded that the CoMPU-EdU investigations are currently at an inflection point, given that there is a downward trend, as far as production volume is concerned. The scientific community is beginning to focus its research on other more specific branches of computer, such as augmented reality or robotics. In addition, the scientific production of CoMPU-EdU in the 21th century focuses mainly on the attitudes of the members involved in the pedagogical act, on gender differences, on the elements of the teaching and learning processes - pedagogical methods and evaluation - and in the attention of students with special educational needs. Probably in the future the lines of research will begin to focus on self-regulation of learning, computational-thinking and gamification ; Las computadoras han evolucionado a lo largo de la historia a través de generaciones sucesivas. El impacto de esta tecnología en la sociedad ha revolucionado la forma en que nos comunicamos, participamos en la vida política de un país o accedemos a la educación. El potencial de la computadora en el campo de la educación ha sido destacado por el evento global del año pasado. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la literatura sobre el término informática en el campo de la educación (CoMPU-EdU) en la base de datos de Web of Science. Para ello se ha utilizado una metodología bibliométrica basada en un mapeo científico de las publicaciones sobre el estado de la cuestión. ha trabajado con una unidad de análisis de 10939 documentos. Los resultados indican que la investigación relacionada con la "computadora" en la educación se presenta principalmente en inglés y en artículos de investigación. Además, la revista con más manuscritos en esta línea de investigación es Computer & Education. El análisis de la evolución científica de esta línea de investigación muestra que los estudios se centran principalmente en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, así como en las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia el uso de la computadora. Se puede concluir que las investigaciones CoMPU-EdU se encuentran actualmente en un punto de inflexión, dado que existe una tendencia a la baja, en lo que se refiere al volumen de producción. La comunidad científica empieza a centrar su investigación en otras ramas más específicas de la informática, como la realidad aumentada o la robótica. Además, la producción científica de CoMPU-EdU en el siglo XXI se centra principalmente en las actitudes de los integrantes involucrados en el acto pedagógico, en las diferencias de género, en los elementos de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje - métodos pedagógicos y de evaluación - y en la atención de alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales. Probablemente en el futuro las líneas de investigación comiencen a centrarse en la autorregulación del aprendizaje, el pensamiento computacional y la gamificación

Information and communication technologies are a step forward in education, as they have given rise to innovative methodologies, such as blended learning. This type of training can be applied at any stage or educational typology such as basic vocational training. The main objective of this article is to know the degree of effectiveness of this methodology in this stage, specifically in an applied science module. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental design has been applied with a control group and an experimental group with a total of 147 participants. The results show how those students who have worked through b-learning have experienced better results in all the dimensions of the study. In conclusion, the implementation of this methodology in basic vocational training brings benefits, such as motivation and autonomy in the teaching–learning processes of all students. ; Ministry of Education and Vocational Training of the Government of Spain FPU18/01595

The term "equity" (EQUI) is a complex concept to be defined, because it depends on many factors, mainly political ideals. The objective of this research is to determine the evolution and development of the term equity in education by the scientific community. The main objective is to identify the scientific production and performance of the term equity in the field of education. The research method developed is based on bibliometrics, specifically on the technique of scientific mapping, and a process of quantification, analysis, evaluation and estimation of scientific documents was developed. The results indicate there is no established line of research or strong connections between the themes. This shows the existing variety of research on the term equity. Thus, the trend in research on the term equity is focused on the early periods of study on the students' diversity in order to evolve to more concrete and specific aspects of equity, such as gender and race. It is concluded that the theoretical framework of reference shows how equity should be incorporated into the education system under the parameters of equal opportunities, of equality in access to higher education, regardless of gender or socio-cultural background.

The acquisition of the habit of reading is a fundamental issue for primary school pupils, as it contributes to the integral education of the person and, in some cases, may be essential for pupils to remain in the educational system and to escape social exclusion. In order to carry out research on reading promotion in socially disadvantaged contexts, it is necessary to have an appropriate instrument for these profiles. The aim of this work was to adapt and validate a questionnaire on reading habits and preferences that is suitable for pupils in the first cycle of primary education who are at risk of social exclusion. To this end, a mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology was used to analyse the content validity and the construct validity, which obtained, as a result, a high correlation between the variables, an appropriate factor analysis, a high overall reliability of the instrument and, in general, an adequate model to correctly explain the data of the proposed structure. We concluded by obtaining a 22-item questionnaire that is divided into five factors and that will be appropriate for determining the reading habits and tastes of disadvantaged pupils, as well as the influence of families and schools in the task of encouraging reading. ; Spanish Government FPU18/00676