The problems of stocks and stocks exchange belong among the most difficult business areas in world financial and monetary politics. The question, if also for the Czech Republic there is available the fact, that stocks of big corporations are essentially more stabile in price development (and therefore also have lower risk) than the stocks of smaller companies (in this case food industry companies) is analyzed in the contribution.
The problematic of stocks and stock exchanges is one of the most complicated areas of enterprise in the world of financial and monetary politic. In the contribution there is evaluated mutual development of major stock market indexes on Polish Stock Exchange (WIG), Hungarian Stock Exchange (BUX) and Czech Stock Exchange (PX50) from the point of view of their variation and trend development. Those signs have been watched from 1st January 1997 till 31st December 1999. It follows from results, that the highest variation of central stock exchange index shows Hungarian stock exchange and between Polish and Hungarian central stock exchanges indexes there were found the highest conformity of trend development.
The milk market is one of the most important commodity markets with agrarian products. From 1977 to 2009 it is possible to identify four wholly different periods in the development of purchase prices of milk in European Union countries. The first period is defined in years 1977 to 1990. This phase is associated with an increase in price of realization and a with strong seasonal trend. In the second phase of development (from 1991 to 2002) it leads to stagnation of the prices and it is not measurable any significant trend. The third stage occurs with the entry of new countries into the European Union in 2003 and ending in 2007. Opening new markets and removing trade barriers led naturally to compensate for price level of old and new countries. Attenuates the effect of seasonal variations. In the last phase (starting in 2008) there is a turbulent development which does not allow a description with the mathematical model. The contribution is part of the research project MSM 6007665806.
Rural households status, or rural population position are determinated by decreasing employment rate in agriculture: Rural households incomes, as a matter of fact the job incomes in agriculture, are the lowest of all type economically active households in Czech Republic. Therefore the life standard of rural households is minimum about the level of living. It would be similar situation in EU and the USA if the governments of these countries haven't supported both country and farmers by subsidies.
The paper aims to evaluate the economic situation of Czech farms since the EU accession and to identify the impact that the farm size has on economic indicators. The analysis was based on our own database of farms sorted according to the acreage of utilised agricultural land. The analysis focuses on the structure of production, production indicators, asset and capital structure, profitability and cost ratios, the efficiency of production factors, financial stability and financial health. The profitability is characterised by significant fluctuations, with the largest decline in 2009. The company's financial health has a growing trend in all size groups although the average farm did not get out of the grey zone. Dependence on subsidies is growing; subsidies per hectare of utilised agricultural area are growing over time and towards a declining farm size. Trends are similar for all farm size groups; however, in some indicators, the smallest average farm differs. The share of fixed assets is the lowest, and the turnover rate of fixed assets increases. It is the only group with no significant decline in the workforce, and the share of leased land is also the highest. The development of profitability and financial health does not indicate significant differences affected by the size of the farm.
