Suchergebnisse

1. Chapter 1 Introduction -- 2. Chapter 2 Foundations of the good neighbourhood policy of the Republic of Poland -- 3. Chapter 3 Good neighbourhood treaties and public diplomacy: Polish activities in neighbouring states (2007–2014) -- 4. Chapter 4 The 1991 Polish-German treaty: origin, aims and implementation. Successes, failures and prospects in the context of the migration crisis in Europe -- 5. Chapter 5 Objectives and outcomes of the 1991 German-Polish Treaty on Good Neighbourhood and Friendly Cooperation in light of the intra-European dispute on the 2015–2018 migration crisis -- 6. Chapter 6 The role of the education sector in relations between Poland and Germany, 1991–2016 -- 7. Chapter 7 Security as an element of good neighbourhood policy in Central Europe. Case study: Polish-Slovak relations after 1990 -- 8. Chapter 8 Slovak-Polish relations after 1989 – Slovak perceptions -- 9. Chapter 9 Security as an element of good neighbourhood policy in Central Europe: the case of Polish-Czech relations after 1990 -- 10. Chapter 10 On human trafficking, Schengen visas and drunken workers: Czech media representations of Poland in light of three migration issues after 2013 -- 11. Chapter 11 Relations of Polish authorities with the Polish diaspora in the (post)-Soviet space -- 12. Chapter 12 The Polish-Lithuanian treaty on neighbourly relations of 1994 and the Polish-Russian treaty on neighbourly relations of 1992 in the context of international protection of the rights of national minorities -- 13. Chapter 13 Treaty on Friendship and Neighbourhood Cooperation between Poland and Russia: implementation and challenges (a Russian perspective) -- 14. Chapter 14 1994 Treaty between the Republic of Poland and the Republic of Lithuania on Friendly Relations and Neighbourly Cooperation: successes and new challenges -- 15. Chapter 15 Poland and Belarus 26 years after the signing of the Treaty on Good Neighbourhood and Friendly Cooperation -- 16. Chapter 16 Treaty between Ukraine and the Republic of Poland on Good Neighbourhood, Friendly Relations and Cooperation. Implementation and today's challenges -- 17. Chapter 17 Conclusions

This paper was prompted by the growing interest in the role and impact first ladies have on how contemporary states achieve their foreign policy goals through diplomatic means. Specifically, the paper's purpose is to examine whether and how first ladies are involved in the public diplomacy of their states. The literature on this subject is limited, and this paper therefore aims to fill that gap. The argument is that the traditional role of the first lady has evolved – from one outside of any political-oriented activity to one that increasingly involves diplomatic activities, including promoting the respective countries overseas. The main research questions are whether and how any first ladies are involved in public diplomacy activities, and, if so, what are the main areas and directions in which they are involved, and what is the extent of their action? To answer these questions, the paper presents an exploratory, longitudinal single case study about the role and activities of the present First Lady of Poland, Agata Kornhauser-Duda, during the first term of President Andrzej Duda from August 2015 to August 2020. The intention is to both deconstruct and construct a pattern of what we might call 'first-lady public diplomacy'.

Zarówno human security (bezpieczeństwo jednostki ludzkiej), jak i dyplomacja publiczna są poddawane krytyce za brak precyzji. Obie te kategorie należą do obszaru polityki zagranicznej. Artykuł dotyczy zależności między dyplomacją publiczną a human security w dziedzinie polityki zagranicznej. Po pierwsze, dokonano przeglądu definicji human security, wyodrębniając trzy ich główne grupy. Po drugie, wyjaśniono pojęcie dyplomacji publicznej, wskazując na ewolucję "klasycznej" dyplomacji i jej funkcji. Wreszcie zbadano użyteczność dyplomacji publicznej do promocji human security na forum międzynarodowym. W tym celu przeanalizowano studia przypadków polityki Japonii i Kanady, wiodących zwolenników human security. Główne pytanie dotyczy tego, czy dyplomacja publiczna i jej nowoczesne narzędzia, takie jak technologie cyfrowe, są wykorzystywane do rozpowszechniania założeń human security na forum międzynarodowym. Przyjęto, że human security, jako oficjalna polityka w państwach, które je promują, jest upowszechniane środkami dyplomacji publicznej. W celu sprawdzenia tego twierdzenia zbadano stanowiska Japonii i Kanady w omawianym zakresie. ; Both human security and public diplomacy have been openly criticised for their lack of precision. They also both belong to the area of foreign policy. This paper deals with the interplay between public diplomacy and human security in the field of foreign policy. First, definitions of human security are reviewed, and three main groups of definitions of this term are provided. Second, the concept of public diplomacy is explained, emphasising the evolution of "classic" diplomacy and its functions. The final part of the paper looks at the relevance of public diplomacy to the promotion of human security. To do so, case studies of policies of the two main human security supporters, Japan and Canada, have been scrutinised. The main research question posed is whether public diplomacy, and its modern tools such as digital technologies, is used to spread human security values abroad. The key point is that human security – an official policy of the states that affirm it – is promoted through public diplomacy abroad. To verify this claim, the author has looked at the positions of Japan and Canada in this respect. ; Sowohl human security als auch die Public Diplomacy werden für ihren Mangel an Präzision kritisiert. Beide Kategorien gehören zum Gebiet der Außenpolitik. Der Artikel behandelt das Zusammenspiel zwischen Public Diplomacy und human security auf dem Gebiet der Außenpolitik. Erstens wurden Definitionen von human security betrachtet und in drei Hauptgruppen unterschieden. Zweitens wurde der Begriff der Public Diplomacy mit Hinweis auf die Evolution der "klassischen" Diplomatie und ihrer Funktion erklärt. Der letzte Teil dieses Paper betrachtet die Relevanz von Public Diplomacy für die Förderung von human security. Zu diesem Zweck wurden in Fallstudien die Politik von Japan und Kanada, der zwei wichtigsten Befürworter, geprüft. Die zentrale Forschungsfrage ist, ob Public Diplomany und ihre modernen Werkzeuge, wie die Digitaltechniken, zur Verbreitung von human security international genutzt werden. Das Hauptargument lautet, dass human security als offizielle Politik der Staaten, die diese Politik fördern, durch Public Diplomacy international verbreitet wird. Zur Überprüfung dieser Behauptung wurden die Haltungen von Japan und Kanada in diesem Bereich untersucht. ; Human security (безопасность человека, безопасность личности) и общественная дипломатия подвергаются критике из-за отсутствия точности определения. Обе эти категории относятся к области внешней политики. В статье рассмотрена взаи- мосвязь между общественной дипломатией и human security в области внешней политики. Во-первых, были рассмотрены существующие определения human security и выделены три их основные группы. Во-вторых, объяснено понятие об- щественной дипломатии и прослежена эволюция «классической» дипломатии и ее функций. Наконец, было исследовано влияние общественной дипломатии на распространение human security на международной арене. С этой целью были проанализированы выбранные действия Японии и Канады – двух ключевых сто- ронников human security. Главный вопрос заключается в том, как используется об- щественная дипломатия и ее современные инструменты (напр. цифровые тех- нологии) для распространения human security на международном форуме. Было выдвинуто предположение, что human security, как официальная политика госу- дарств, которые ее продвигают, распространяется с использованием средств об- щественной дипломатии. Чтобы проверить это предположение, были изучены позиции Японии и Канады в исследуемой области.

The article concerns Internal Security Acts in India, Portugal and France. These states had adopted such kind of laws due to various reasons and motives. In the paper a set of factors is identified which have influenced internal security rules in the above-mentioned states. The key assumption is that the crucial issue is the definition of internal security which is necessary if a state would like to build an internal security system. The definition might be included in an Internal Security Act. The basic question is how internal security is understood in India, Portugal and France. The article concludes with final conclusions. First, the Internal Security Acts adopted by various states are influenced by a set of factors occurring in these states. Secondly, usually the concept of internal security has been defined by an Internal Security Act (Portugal and France cases). Last but not least, the internal security is understood in a narrow way i.e. it is restricted to the issues of public order and public security (India and France cases).