Suchergebnisse

AbstrakPersoalan extrajudicial killings 1965 merupakan kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan dantermasuk kejahatan HAM berat sesuai Pasal 7 UU No. 26 Tahun 2000. Penghukumanyang dilakukan tanpa proses pengadilan merupakan pengkhianatan terhadap nilai-nilaikemanusiaan yang terkandung dalam Pasal 1 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. DalamMasstricht Guidelines on Violations of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, negaraberkewajiban melindungi hak-hak sipil dan politik, hak-hak ekonomi, sosial dan budaya,dengan memberlakukan tiga jenis kewajiban pada Negara, yaitu: kewajiban untukmenghormati, melindungi dan memenuhi. Kegagalan untuk melakukan salah satu daritiga kewajiban tersebut merupakan pelanggaran hak yang dilakukan oleh negara. Terkaitdengan extrajudicial killings 1965, negara dapat memikul kewajiban baik sebagai akibatdari perbuatannya sendiri (acts of commision) maupun oleh karena pembiaran (acts ofommission).AbstractThe infamous tragedy of extrajudicial killings in Indonesia in 1965 could be categorized ascrimes against humanity, as well as a serious violation of human rigts as set forth inArticle 7 of Law No. 26, 2000 and Article 1 Paragraph (3) of the Constitution of 1945. In theMaastricht Guidelines on Violations of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the state isobliged to protect the civil, political and economic rights, as well as social and culturalrights. to impose state obligations (the obligation to respect, protect and fulfill). Failure todo any of these constitutes a violation of rights by the state. In relation to extrajudicialkillings that took place in 1965, the state may assume obligations both as a result of hisown actions (acts of commission) as well as because of its omission.

Direct regional head elections are in the process of recruiting leaders in regions that can guarantee the representation of local people through a democratic process. In this process, theoretically and constitutionally political parties have important and strategic roles and functions. Unfortunately, the oligarchic practice that engulfed almost all political parties has internally and externally recognized the basic principles of democracy in the process of recruiting prospective leaders in the region. The democratic process is only procedural, not substantial. So far it is strongly suspected that the process of regional head elections is more colored by transactional politics. This paper aims first, to obtain an overview of the recruitment process of candidates by political parties in the regional head elections in the Malang Raya region. Second, to obtain a description that is the power of money not only in choosing candidates for the regional head, but also able to lull constituents and voters in determining the choice of regional heads. Third, to obtain an explanation of the impact of the transactional political process and the use of the power of money as well as the impact on the relationship between political parties and their constituents in the Malang Raya region.

Abstract
Meritocracy is a contingent concept that depends on what people consider to be good in society. This research conducted shows that the principles of high-ranking officials of civil servants, especially in the local / city government. Therefore, need a new regulations for perspective placement, in order to minimize political and subjective interests in the field. Method of the research used a qualitative approach, qualitative inquiry. This method was chosen because researchers want to obtain a complete and holistic the phenomenon that occurs in this research. Researchers used a spiral data analysis model more suitable to do than a linear analysis model. Result of this study showed the community or public in general does not care too much about who becomes an official within the local government. The community or public in general are more focused on the figure of the Regional Head who is the leader in the local government and responsible for the public services. The Regional Head will change periodically, which results from a complicated political negotiation process. Therefore, these high officials, regardless of who the Regional Head is, must be the best officials resulting from a good selection process. The application of the merit system in the regulation of the placement of high-ranking officials of civil servants is a necessity and a joint task of all parties, including the community itself.

Stunting merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang sedang mendapatkan perhatian dari Pemerintah Indonesia. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia pada tahun 2017 adalah 29,6% dan angka tersebut masih diatas ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh WHO. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang stunting melalui bimbingan kelompok dengan metode mind mapping pada pasangan usia subur sehingga dapat berkontribusi pada penurunan prevalensi stunting. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif bentuk pre-eksperimental tipe one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 10 pasangan usia subur diambil secara purposive dari penduduk desa rentan Stunting di Kabupaten Ngawi dikenai pretest dan posttest dengan menggunakan angket tertutup. Data yang berhasil dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji wilcoxon. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman pasangan usia subur tentang stunting pada hasil pretest berbeda secara signifikan dengan hasil posttestnya. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa mind mapping dalam seting bimbingan kelompok dapat digunakan sebagai upaya preventif prevalensi stunting.AbstractStunting is one of the health problems that is getting attention from the Government of Indonesia. In 2017, the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia was 29.6% which still exceeds the provisions set by WHO. This study aims to improve understanding of stunting through group guidance with mind mapping methods in fertile age couples so that it can contribute to reducing the prevalence of stunting. This research is a quantitative pre-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest design. The study subjects consisted of 10 couples of fertile age who were taken purposively from Stunting vulnerable villagers in Ngawi District. They are subjected to pretest and posttest using a questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results of the data analysis showed that the understanding of fertile age couples about stunting before and after group guidance services ...

Social political change in society is one of the social facts that cannot be avoided. The socio-political phenomenon is a dynamic and tentative situation. This research is oriented towards analyzing the political changes of the Mataraman society in Kediri. The method used is qualitative descriptive approach with case studies. Primary and secondary data sources are obtained from interviews and references, supporting documents are used as a tool in describing the subject of the study. The results showed that the political dynamics in Kediri influenced the changes in political patterns of the Mataraman society in Kediri. The powerful socio-culture of Matraman society is not faded with the changes in political choices occurred.

IDHS (2017) shows that there is most unwanted pregnancy among young women in the age group of 15-19 years (16.4%). The unwanted pregnancy can be caused by several factors. Malang Regency had a 15-19 year ASFR of 47.71 in 2018, which was higher than the national target. For this reason, it is significant to conduct research for addressing adolescent pregnancy and to analyze the relationship between interpersonal factors (level of education, employment status, and dating experience) and adolescent pregnancy. The researchers used a case-control design in 50 villages in 15 subdistricts of Malang District. The respondents consisted of 114 adolescent women (20-25 years old) divided into case groups (who had been pregnant at age 19 years) and the control group (who did not get pregnant at age 19 years). They were then interviewed using questionnaires, and the data were analyzed using statistical tests. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of education and adolescent pregnancy (p = 0.000 < α, C = 0.618). On the other hand, there is no relationship between employment status (p = 0.424), dating experience (p = 0.438), and adolescent pregnancy. Therefore, adolescents do not only need to be encouraged to pursue higher education to improve adolescent self-quality but they also need to prevent themselves from pregnancy.

IDHS (2017) shows that there is most unwanted pregnancy among young women in the age group of 15-19 years (16.4%). The unwanted pregnancy can be caused by several factors. Malang Regency had a 15-19 year ASFR of 47.71 in 2018, which was higher than the national target. For this reason, it is significant to conduct research for addressing adolescent pregnancy and to analyze the relationship between interpersonal factors (level of education, employment status, and dating experience) and adolescent pregnancy. The researchers used a case-control design in 50 villages in 15 subdistricts of Malang District. The respondents consisted of 114 adolescent women (20-25 years old) divided into case groups (who had been pregnant at age 19 years) and the control group (who did not get pregnant at age 19 years). They were then interviewed using questionnaires, and the data were analyzed using statistical tests. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of education and adolescent pregnancy (p = 0.000 < α, C = 0.618). On the other hand, there is no relationship between employment status (p = 0.424), dating experience (p = 0.438), and adolescent pregnancy. Therefore, adolescents do not only need to be encouraged to pursue higher education to improve adolescent self-quality but they also need to prevent themselves from pregnancy.